STUDIES ON CONJOINT APPLICATION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH PROMOTION OF CARNATION (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
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Date
2022-12
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus Linn.) belongs to the family Caryophyllaceae which grows in the
temperate zone of the northern part of the world. Carnation is one of the most beautiful flowers in the world due
to its availability in a wide range of attractive colors, sizes and long-lasting vase life, and remarkable ability to
rehydrate after continuous shipping. Carnation cultivation is more adapted to a region having mild climatic
conditions and provides immense remunerations to growers. Himachal Pradesh offers plentiful space for the
cultivation of carnation throughout the year due to the presence of mild climatic conditions. The soil as a culture
medium does not meet all the requirements to obtain better quality, maximum growth, flowering, and yield. So,
there is a need to standardize the optimum dose of nutrients to increase the yield, improve the soil structure, and
physio-chemical properties under a potential environment. The current research was performed to characterize
rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial of carnation rhizosphere as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. A total
of 100 isolates were characterized based on plant growth promoting traits, further 54 isolates were selected for
phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, indole acetic acid production, extracellular enzyme activities,
HCN production and antifungal against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Out of 54 isolates, 6 most
efficient bacteria with highest number of PGPR traits were identified as Brucella thiophenivorans,
Psychrobacillus psychrodurans, Glutamicibacter sp., Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus, Bacillus subtilis and
Stenotrphomonas maltophilia, respectively. Out of these, 2 best isolates, P. psychrodurans strain SSR7 and B.
subtilus strain SRR29 and 1 already isolated Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain NH3 (reference strain) were used
for quality production of carnation under polyhouse with variable doses of chemical fertilizers. The treatment
T9 containing 70% basal dose of NP and Psychrobacillus psychrodurans strain SSR7 showed best plant
parameters such as days taken to flower bud formation (98.17 days), days taken to first flowering (121.33 days),
plant height (96.40 cm), stem length (76.48 cm), number of flowers per plant (6.57), weight of cut flower stem
(34.14 g) and vase life (16.40 days). Moreover, soil parameters such as available NPK content and total viable
microbial count was also observed significantly high in treatment T9 (70% basal dose of NP and
Psychrobacillus psychrodurans strain SSR7).