Performance of rice under long term manuring and cropping in rice-wheat cropping system

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dc.contributor.advisorMaurya, B.M.
dc.contributor.authorChouhan, Mahesh
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-16T07:13:44Z
dc.date.available2017-02-16T07:13:44Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT The present field experiment was conducted under All India Coordinated Research Project on integrated farming system at Kuthulia farm of JNKVV, college of agriculture, Rewa Madhya Pradesh during kharif season of 2015-16 in which three levels of nitrogen i.e. 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha, three levels of phosphorus i.e. 0, 40 and 80 kg P2O5/ha and two levels of potash i.e. 0 and 80 kg K2O/ha were tried. The rice variety was IR-64. The experimental design was RBD (factorial) with three replication. The objectives are given: To find out the effect of NPK on growth, development and yield of rice. To find out the NPK requirement of rice on sustainable basis. Economics of different treatments. The soil of experimental field was silty clay loam in texture, neutral in reaction (pH 7.25), medium in organic carbon (0.54%), low in available nitrogen (280 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (15 kg/ha) and high in available potash (500 kg/ha). The total rainfall was 689.2 mm received in 37 rainy days in kharif. The rice crop was transplanted on 20/07/015 at planting geometry of 25 cm x 15cm in which two seedling/hill was transplanted. The rice crop was harvested on 27/10/2015. The recommended fertilizer dose for rice was 120 kg N, 60 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha. The number of tillers/hill of rice was significantly higher at 120 kg N, 80 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha at 25 DAT, 50 DAT, 75 DAT and at harvest stage of rice. The plant height was found significant under the different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus on plant height of rice was found significant at harvest stage. The maximum plant height of rice was recorded at 120 kg N, 80 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O /ha at all the stages of growth. The number of productive tillers of rice increased significantly with increasing levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The significantly maximum number of productive tillers/meter row length of rice was noted at 120 kg N/ha which was 12.35 per cent higher than lower levels of nitrogen. Similarly response of phosphorus on number of productive tillers/meter row length of rice was significant at 80 kg P2O5/ha which gave 3.75 per cent higher number of productive tillers over no phosphorus application. Application of 40 kg K2O/ha in rice gave significantly higher number of productive tillers/meter row length than no potash application. The higher panicle weight of rice were recorded at 80 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha but differences were not found significant. The higher number of sound grains/panicle of rice was recorded at 120 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha but the differences were not found significant. The maximum grain yield/panicle of rice was recorded at 120 kg N, 80 kg P2O5 and 40 kg K2O/ha but the differences were not found significant. The grain yield of rice increased significantly under the increasing levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus was found significant whereas interaction of NK, PK and NPK were not found significant. The grain yield of rice 38.51 q/ha was maximum at 120 kg N/ha, which was 23.19 per cent higher than lower tested level. The response of phosphorus was also maximum 36.35 q/ha at 80 kg P2O5/ha which was 8.76 per cent higher than no phosphorus application. The grain yield under the response of potash was maximum at 40 kg K2O/ha which was 6.08 per cent higher as compared to no potash application. The straw yield of rice was found significant at increasing levels of nitrogen and potash, but it was unaffected significantly under increasing levels of phosphorus. The straw yield of rice 74.92 q/ha was maximum at 120 kg N/ha, which was 19.73 per cent higher as compared to lower tested level of nitrogen. Application of 40 kg K2O/ha increased the straw yield of rice significantly as compared to no potash application which gave 5.41 per cent higher straw yield as compared to no potash application. The response of phosphorus was maximum at 80 kg P2O5/ha but the differences in respect to straw yield of rice were not found significant. The gross and net return of rice Rs 64829/ha and Rs 27823/ha was maximum at 120 kg N/ha which was 22.70 per cent and 51.79 per cent higher than lower levels of nitrogen. The response of phosphorus on gross return of rice was maximum at highest tested level 80 kg P2O5/ha which was 8.17 per cent higher than no P2O5 application. The net return Rs 24151/ha was also higher at 80 kg P2O5/ha which was 8.17 per cent higher as compared to 0 kg P2O5/ha. The response of potassium on gross and net return of rice was maximum at 40 kg K2O/ha i.e. Rs 60310/ha and Rs 24408/ha which are 5.98 per cent and 12.96 per cent higher than no potash application. Benefit cost ratio under different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash was maximum at highest tested level of nitrogen (120 kg/ha), phosphorus (80 kg P2O5/ha) and potash (40 kg K2O/ha). Conclusion Growth, development and yield of rice were maximum at 120 kg N/ha, 80 kg P2O5/ha and 40 kg K2O/ha. The response of nitrogen was linear by which grain yield of was increased by 9 kg grain per kg of nitrogen. The response of phosphorus was quadratic. The phosphorus requirement for yield maximization of rice was 58 kg P2O5/ha which increased the grain yield of rice by 45.06 kg grain per kg of P2O5. Economic optima of P was 25.5 kg/ha. The organic carbon status in soil was increased by14.07 per cent to 32.40 per cent under increasing levels of nitrogen, 22.03 per cent to 22.40 per cent under increasing levels of phosphorus and 22.22 per cent under the response of potash as compared to initial status. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and potash was decreased considerably by increasing levels of NPK. The net profit and benefit cost ratio were maximum at 120 kg N/ha, 80 kg P2O5/ha and 40 kg K2O/ha.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810001195
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.pages100en_US
dc.publisherJNKVVen_US
dc.subAgronomyen_US
dc.subjecteconomics, biological phenomena, resins, productivity, technological changes, exhibitions, developmental stages, marketing, biological development, selectionen_US
dc.themeAgronomyen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titlePerformance of rice under long term manuring and cropping in rice-wheat cropping systemen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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