ACRITICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIRBLENDINGWITH MODERN TECHNOLOGIES BYCOMPLEX, DIVERSE ANDRISK PRONE AREAFARMERS
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Date
2001
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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Abstract
nmidsixties crop scientistsandagriculturalextensionscientists wereconcentratingforsecuringmaximumagriculturalproductionofcropsthrough moderntechnology.Atpresentsituation indigenoustechnologies can only serveasalternativestothisproblembecausethesetechnologiesarelowcost, eco—friendly, locallyandeasilyavailabletothefarmers. The study aims to identify profile characteristics, the availableindigenoustechnologiesaswellasblendedtechnologies incomplex,diverse andriskproneareas,assess theadoptionandsustainabilityoftheidentified technologiesandfactorsinfluencing adoptionof theindigenoustechnologies andblendedtechnologiesand finally constraii"sinadoptionand suggestions 5.0overcomethem. Anex-postfactoresearchdesignwasadopted. Atotal 50farmersfrom9 villages of 3 mandals in Mahaboobnagar district were selected duly followingproportionate randomsamplingprocedure. Apart from these 50 sample farmers, 45 farmers @ 5 aged and experienced farmers from each village were also selected randomly for the purpose of identification of indigenousandblendedtechnologies. Suitablemeasurementsweredetermined tomeaSuretheselectedelevenindependentandtwodependentvariables.
Thedatacollectedwiththehelpofstructured interviewSChedulewere coded,tabulatedandanalysed. Atotalof 60 indigenoustechnologies identified, 20injowar,12in redgram,13incastorand 15incottonwhereas37blendedtechnologies, 13in jowar,7inredgram,7incastorand10incotton wereidentified. Theprofileanalysisoftherespondents revealed thatmajorityofthemwere middle aged (68%), untrained (62%), illiterate to functionally literate(66%)andobserved in mediumcategoryoffarmingexperience(70%),farmsize (68%), extension contact (60%), mass media exposure (64%), risk orientation(62%), marketorientation(76%),scientificorientation (66%)and perceptiontowardsextensionsystem(58%). Majorityofthe farmerswere undermediumadoption categoryofindigenous technologies withregard to jowar(74%), redgram (68%), castor(62%) and cotton (62%). Similarly majority were found under medium adoptioncategory ofblendedtechnologiesinrespectofjowar (64%),redgram (70%),castor(64%)andcotton(62%). Majorindigenoustechnologies perceivedtobesustainablewererowtorowspacingbasedonwidthofdanthe,jowarsownin Rohini to Mrugasira Kartheinjowarcrop; collectedpodswerethreshedbyflail in cdgram,seed storedinearthernpots; sowingstarts from ArudhraKarthe in castor and all parts ofthe plough are made up ofwood in cotton, whereas blended technologies perceivedtobesustainablewere fodderheapedonraisedbed, highyieldingvarietiesseedpurchased fromwelltodo farmers and hybrids fromprivatedealersinjowar;shortdurationandhighyielding varietiesare cultivatedin redgram; linesowingforvarieties anddibblingforhybridsin squaretypemethod,allowingperennialtreesinbetweenthefieldincastorand applicationofpoultrymanureandcleancultivationincottoncrop. Age,farming experienceandriskorientationwere found positivelysignificant withtheadoptionofindigenoustechnologies. While education, traininginagriculture,massmediaexposureandriskorientationwerefoundto bepositivelysignificant withthe adoption0.blendedtechnologies. Lowanderraticrainfall,highcostofneembasedpesticides,traditional belief,lackofdroughtresistantvarieties,nonavailabilityof timelyinputs,lack ofpublicationson proventechnologieswerethe constraintsexpressedbythe respondents. Suggestionsmadeby farmerstoovercomethe problemsinclude toevolveresistantvarieties,timelysupplyofinputs.providingcreditfacilities, encouragedesiltingprogramme,providingneembasedpesticidesonsubsidy andliteratureonprovenindigenoustechnologies.
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D6433