ORGANIC APPROACH FOR OPTIMISING PRODUCTIVITY OF Rabi GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
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Date
2017
Authors
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Organic approach for optimising
productivity of rabi groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)” was carried out
during rabi, 2017 on sandy loam soils of dryland farm of S.V. Agricultural
College, Tirupati, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University. The
experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications.
There were nine treatments viz., control (T1), 100% RDF (30-40-50 kg N, P2O5
& K2O ha-1
) (T2), 100% organic N through FYM (60%) + Neem cake (40%)
(T3), Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Soil application of
jeevamrutha @ 500 l ha-1
before sowing, at every 10 days interval upto 15
days before harvest (T4), Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Soil
application of ghanajeevamrutha @ 500 kg ha-1 at the time of sowing +
Foliar spray of jeevamrutha @ 500 l ha-1
at every 10 days interval upto 15
days before harvest (T5), Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Foliar
spray of panchagavya @ 3 % at every 10 days interval upto 15 days before
harvest (T6), 100% organic N through FYM (60%) + Neem cake (40%) +
Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Soil application of jeevamrutha @
500 l ha-1
before sowing, at every 10 days interval upto 15 days before
harvest (T7), 100% organic N through FYM (60%) + Neem cake (40%) +
Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Soil application of
ghanajeevamrutha @ 500 kg ha-1 at the time of sowing + Foliar spray of
jeevamrutha @ 500 l ha-1
at every 10 days interval upto 15 days before
harvest (T8), 100% organic N through FYM (60%) + Neem cake (40%) +
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Seed treatment with ghanajeevamrutha + Foliar spray of panchagavya @ 3
% at every 10 days interval upto 15 days before harvest (T9). Organic
sources are applied on the basis of N content. The test variety of groundnut
was „Dharani‟.
Various organic sources significantly influenced the growth
parameters, yield attributes, yield, economic returns and nutrient uptake of
groundnut as well as the post-harvest soil fertility status.
Application of 100% RDF (T2) resulted in the tallest plants, largest
leaf area index and highest dry matter production, which was significantly
superior over rest of the nutrient management practices tried. The next best
treatment was supply of 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9), which was
followed by STG + FSP (T6). Growth characters were recorded to be at their
lowest with control (T1), without nutrient application.
Total and effective number of nodules plant-1 were recorded highest
with 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9), which was however comparable
with 100% organic N through FYM (T3) and 100% organic N + STG + SAG
+ FSJ (T8).The lowest number of total as well as effective nodules plant-1
were recorded with the control (T1).
The soil microbial count viz. bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were
recorded highest with 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9), which was
comparable with 100% organic N + STG + SAG + FSJ (T8) and 100%
organic N + STG + SAJ (T7). Control (T1) recorded the lowest soil
microbial count.
Regarding the yield attributes viz., number of pods plant-1
, hundred pod
and kernel weight and shelling percentage were the highest with application
of 100% RDF (T2). Among the various organic sources, application of 100%
organic N + STG + FSP (T9) followed by STG + FSP (T6) resulted in
improved yield attributes. Non-supply of nutrients in control (T1) resulted in
the deflated stature of all the above yield attributes.
Supply of 100% RDF (T2) recorded the highest pod, kernel and haulm
yields in groundnut which was distinctly superior over rest of the treatments.
Among the various organic sources, 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9)
resulted in higher pod, kernel and haulm yields, which was followed by STG
+ FSP (T6). The lowest pod, kernel and haulm yields were recorded with
control (T1).
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake were highest with 100%
RDF (T2). Among the various organic sources tried, supply of 100% organic
N + STG + FSP (T9) recorded highest nutrient uptake, which was followed
by STG + FSP (T6).The lowest uptake of nutrient was recorded with control
(T1).
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The highest post-harvest soil available nutrient status was recorded
with 100% RDF (T2), which was however comparable with 100% organic N
+ STG + FSP (T9). The post-harvest soil nutrient status was lower with
control (T1).
The highest gross returns, net returns and benefit cost ratio were
recorded with 100% RDF (T2). Among the various organic sources tried,
application 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9) recorded higher gross
returns, net returns whereas benefit cost ratio was recorded highest with
STG + FSP (T6). The lowest economic returns were obtained with control
(T1).
In conclusion, the investigation revealed that higher pod yield of
groundnut as well as economic returns could be recorded with 100%
recommended dose of nutrients through fertilizers. Among the various
organic sources tested, 100% organic N + STG + FSP (T9) as well as STG +
FSP (T6) were proved to be promising organic practices for higher yield and
economics of rabi groundnut in the present domain of study. However, the
economic returns under organic approach could be enhanced with premium
price for the organic produce in the market after certification
Description
D5487
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