IDENTIFICATION OF STABLE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE LINES IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2004
Authors
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ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The investigations were carried out to evaluate five new diverse CMS
sources for stability of cytoplasmic male sterility, per se performance,
physiological and biochemical characterisation of CMS lines. The material
comprised of 22 genotypes which included 10 CMS lines from five diverse
cytosterile sources viz., PET-1, PET-2, GIG-1, CMS PF and CMS-I, their
maintainers and two standard checks (CMS 7-1A, CMS-234A). The
experiments were conducted at Directorate of Oilseeds Research Farm,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during kharif, 2000 and rabi, 2000-01.
The analysis of variance revealed that significant variability was
present in all the genotypes. Among the five diverse CMS sources, CMS
PET-2 recorded maximum mean performance for most of the characters i.e.,
days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, head diameter, number of
filled seeds per head, number of leaves per plant, oil percentage, oil yield per
plant and seed yield per plant in kharif as well as in rabi seasons.
The stability studies indicated that CMS-I and CMS-PF were unstable
whereas, PET-1, PET-2 and GIG-1 sources were stable in all the sowing dates
throughout the year. Hence, the cytosterile sources, PET-1, PET-2 and GIG-1
could be utilised in hybrid development programme.
The study of physiological parameters revealed that maximum leaf
area index of 3.81 was obtained in CMS lines taken from GIG-1 cytoplasm
followed by CMS-I and PET-2 cytoplasm. Maximum LAI was found at the
time of 60 DAS and later it declined. In case of total drymatter production and
harvest index, PET-2 source of cytoplasm showed the highest values.
The data on fatty acid composition of sunflower oil revealed that the
total unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids) were higher than the
total saturated fatty acids (stearic and palmitic acids). The CMS lines from
PET-1, PET-2 and GIG-1 cytoplasms recorded highest linoleic acid and oleic
acid content. These lines with high amounts of oleic and linoleic acid may be
used in hybridization programme for developing new hybrids as high amounts
of these two essential fatty acids is of considerable significance with respect
to both quality and human diet.
Based on the present study it can be concluded that, PET-1, PET-2
and GIG-1 cytoplasms are not only stable but also showed high amount of
total unsaturated fatty acids composition and good per se performance for all
the characters studied
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Keywords
IDENTIFICATION, STABLE, CYTOPLASMIC, MALE STERILE, LINES, SUNFLOWER