ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY AS INFLUENCED BY IRRIGATION, EMPLOYMENT AND URBANISATION
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Date
2019-11-20
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU
Abstract
The present study deals with the food security status, factors affecting food
security, consumption pattern, magnitude of undernutrition among women and adolescent
girls and crop diversification in rural-urban interface of Bengaluru. The sample frame
consisted of 1200 households, 600 each from high intensive agriculture area (120 from
urban, 242 from peri-urban and 238 from rural households) and low intensive agriculture
area (86 from urban, 168 from peri-urban and 346 from rural households) of
Bengaluru.75 per cent and 78 per cent of the households were food secure in HIAA (high
intensive agriculture area) and LIAA (low intensive agriculture area), respectively.
Across different gradients of HIAA, food secure households were 63 per cent, 73 per cent
and 83 per cent in rural, peri-urban and urban areas, respectively. Within LIAA, food
security status was high in urban area (85%) followed by peri-urban (75 %) and rural
areas (63 %). In HIAA and LIAA, 70 and 78 per cent of the irrigated farm families were
food secure, respectively. Employment generation in LIAA was higher from non-farm
sector in all the three gradients and in HIAA employment generation was high from
agriculture sector (33%). Urbanization had a direct impact on nutritional status of women
and adolescent girls, the percentage of underweight women were high in rural area and
the percentage of obese women were high in urban area of both HIAA and LIAA.
Production diversity was high in irrigated farms than rainfed in both the areas. Prevalence
of food security was marginally high in irrigated farm households than rainfed farm
households. Thus, there is a need to create irrigation infrastructure in rainfed areas to
increase food security. Majority of the rural women were prone to underweight, therefore
awareness need to be created among rural women through primary health centers.