Ultrasonographic Investigations of Internal Genital Organs During Gestation in Gaddi Sheep
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Date
2022-12-08
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Palampur
Abstract
The present study was conducted during breeding season to ultrasonographically
evaluate the internal genital organs during gestation in Gaddi sheep reared at
Livestock Farm Complex, CSKHPKV, Palampur at 32.6° N, 76.3° E, altitude of
1290.8m. Estrus observation accomplished by parading of adult ram (morning evening; 30 minutes each) followed by tupping. Day of mating was characterized as
Day 0. Sequential ultrasonographic observations (Transrectal, TRUS 7.5 MHz;
Transabdominal, TAUS 5.0 MHz) were carried out from Day 25 onwards at ten Day
interval till Day 75 (TRUS) and till lambing (TAUS), respectively to record the
embryonic and fetal characteristics. Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.
Majority of embryonic characteristics (Embryonic vesicle, Embryo proper, Heart
biometry, Amniotic vesicle, Placentomes and Umbilical cord) were visualized as
early as Day 25 except (Limb buds, Head and Trunk differentiation) which took little
longer (Day 35). Whereas, fetal characteristics were visualized later in gestation. All
the biometry parameters were earlier as well as better visualized in TRUS in
comparison with TAUS. Significant increase (p<0.05) in biometric parameters were
recorded throughout gestation except placentome diameter which observed
significant decrease (p<0.05) from Day 95 till lambing.
Various predictive equations were formulated using linear regression model to
determine the gestation age in Gaddi ewes concluding Biparietal diameter (BPD) as
best parameter (R2=97.9%) for TRUS whereas, Abdominal diameter (AD; R2=98%)
was best while using TAUS.
The spectral Doppler analysis of umbilicus was performed from Day 45 till lambing
by TAUS. Majority of Doppler indices exhibit significant increase (p<0.05) at
successive stage of gestation while, Pulsatility Index (PI) and Resistivity Index (RI)
recorded decreasing trends (p<0.05). Correlation of haemodynamic parameters
throughout the gestation revealed that PI and RI shared a significant (p<0.01)
positive correlation amongst each other and were significant and negatively
correlated (p<0.01) with all other Doppler parameters (PS, ED, TAMAX, TAMEAN,
BFV-TAMAX and BFV-TAMEAN).