Evaluation of some decontamination methods for the removal of post harvest pesticide residues from chilli
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Date
2021-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Nowadays, understanding the impact of the pesticide exposure is an important concern for the consumers. Chilliis the commonly used vegetable which is highly exposed to pesticide usage. The current study is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of different decontamination treatments for removal of nine commonly applied pesticides on Chilli crop. The Chilli samples were subjected to nine decontamination treatments namely washing with running tap water, soaking in lukewarm water (50-60°C), soaking in solutions of 1% NaCl, 5% NaHCO3,2% CH3COOH,0.01% KMnO4and commercial decontaminants like Veggie clean, Nim wash, and Arkaherbi wash for ten minutes every time. The extraction of all the pesticides in Chilli crop was done through QuEChER’S method and analysis of acephateand it’s metabolite methamidophos, acetamiprid, carbendazim, imidacloprid, tebuconazole, and thiamethoxamwas done by HPLC-UVwhereas that of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and profenofos by GCECD. In Chilli, the results indicated that soaking in 2% acetic acid solution was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments to decontaminate all the pesticides (>50%) except profenofos when compared with other treatment solutions, whereas treatment with 1% NaCl solution proved to be the next best treatment in removal of different pesticides. Amongst commercial decontaminant solutions washing with Nim wash removed the highest percentage of pesticide residues from Chilli fruits. Acephate and it’s metabolite methamidophos, tebuconazole and carbendazim could be decontaminated well by the use of 0.01% KMnO4 solution, wherein the percent removal ranged between 79-91.37%. Similarly cypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam residuescould be dislodged on soaking in 2% acetic acid solution ranging from 60.98 to 89.43%.Profenofos could be decontaminated to the maximum extent by dipping in commercial decontaminants like Nim wash (68.81%) and Veggie clean (68.41%) solutions where as it could be washed off only slightly by the other decontaminant solutions. The study confirms the use of simple cost-effective household solutions, to reduce the commonly applied harmful pesticides from Chilli.