Studies on effect of dexmedetomidine, ketamine and etomidate anaesthesia in dogs
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Date
2016-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The study was conducted on twenty four clinically healthy dogs of either sex, divided into four groups with the objective to evaluate a safe anaesthetic protocol that could lead to fast and smoother recovery. Ketamine and etomidate alone or in combination with dexmedetomidine were used for this purpose.
In group 1 ketamine was administered intravenously @ 10 mg/kg body weight. In group 2, dexmedetomidine was administered @ 10 µg/kg body weight, intravenously followed by ketamine to the effect (3.17±0.15 mg/kg). In group 3, etomidate 3 mg/kg body weight intravenous was administered and in group 4 dexmedetomidine was administered @ 10 µg/kg body weight, intravenously and followed by etomidate to the effect (1.32±0.03 mg/kg).
The efficacy of different anaesthetic protocol was accessed by determining various clinicophysiological, cardiopulmonary and haematobiochemical parameters before and after anaesthesia. Dexmedetomidine prior to administration of ketamine or etomidate results in quicker induction, better analgesia for more duration and better muscle relaxation as compared to use of ketamine and etomidate alone. Heart rate increased significantly in group 1 and 2 after anaesthesia. In group 3 non-significant increased and in group 4 significant decrease in heart rate was observed. Respiration rate decreased significantly in all four groups except in group 1. Rectal temperature was non significantly decreased in all groups. Haemoglobin level was decreased non significantly in the animals of all groups. The PCV level was decrease significantly in group 1, 2 and 3 whereas in group 4 PCV level decrease non significantly. The TEC level was decreased significantly in group 1, 2 and 4 whereas it decreases non significantly in group 3. Non significant change were observed in TLC level.
In group 4 a non significant and in other 3 groups significant increase in glucose level was observed. The creatinine level increase significantly in group 3 and non significantly in group 1, 2 and 4. Blood urea nitrogen showed a non-significant increase in group 2 and 4 and significant increased in group 1 however it decreases non significantly in group 3. The total proteins showed a non-significant decrease in the animals of all groups. ALT and AST level was non significantly increase in all the groups. Insignificant change were also observed in serum electrolyte level.
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