DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS PRESENT IN PAINTS AND CLAY USED FOR IDOL MAKING AND THEIR EFFECT ON WATER AND SOIL QUALITY AND CROP GROWTH
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Date
2015-07-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Lakes are dynamic inland aquatic systems that support and maintain a balanced adaptive community of organisms having diverse species composition. All forms of life on the earth depend upon water for their existence. Life and water may be aptly said to be the two faces of a same coin. Tanks around Bangalore and elsewhere in the state of Karnataka were constructed mainly for harvesting rainwater for irrigation and drinking purpose by impounding the monsoon run-off from the valleys. Rapid industrialization and urbanization in recent years have undoubtedly affected lakes and tanks in the cities. Wetlands are increasingly drained and converted into commercial complexes, industries, stadiums and housing sites. Satellite images and information available with Survey of India indicate that nearly 2789 lakes have dried up and there are only 330 live lakes of medium to large range in Bangalore metropolitan region. Urban lakes and tanks all over the country as well as in the state of Karnataka are subjected to varying degrees of environmental degradation and pollution. The degradation is due to encroachments, eutrophication loads (from domestic and industrial effluents) and silt (KSPCB, 2001).
The main causes for the deterioration of water quality in tanks are entry of pollutants due to discharge of untreated or partially treated wastewater from municipal sewage and domestic effluents and discharge of organic, inorganic and toxic pollutants of industrial effluents. These anthropogenic activities are the main sources of heavy metals contamination. Besides these, immersion of painted idols (containing different heavy metals) in the lake waters is also a potential source of heavy metal pollution.
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