PDEVELOPMENT OF MANUALLY OPERATED DECORTICATOR FOR SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) SEED USED IN CONFECTIONERY
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Date
41139
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Publisher
University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore
Abstract
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds are used to extract oil for
consumption. Striped sunflower seeds are primarily used for food as a
result, they may be called confectionary sunflower seeds. Sunflower
seeds are more commonly eaten as a healthy snack than as part of a
meal. The process of decortications, includes separation of kernel which
is done manually by hand used in confectionaries. This is time and
labour consuming process. To address this manually operated sunflower
seed decorticator was developed and its performance was evaluated. The
developed sunflower seed decorticator consists of cylinder and a concave.
The cylinder was manufactured using dimple sheet of size 32.4×15cm,
welded on the cylinder using bearings and flat plates. The concave was
fabricated using 20 mm size mild steel rods of length 30 cm with
perforations (round) of 5mm, 4.5mm and 4mm size used at different
treatments by considering average dimensions of sunflower seeds. The
design makes the seed kernels and husk fall through the perforations
obstructing the whole seeds. The clearance between concave and cylinder
was maintained 0.5 cm and maintained constant cylinder speed (56
rpm). The best results under the developed decorticator were
decortication efficiency, breakage and capacity of 98.43,1.09% and
5.95(kg/h) respectively, at 12% moisture content and also for
pretreatments (dried seeds) the decortication efficiency, breakage and
capacity were 98.03, 1.55% and 6.08(kg/h) respectively. The cost of
decorticating 1kg of raw sunflower seeds at 12% moisture content was
Rs.1.69/–, only and the cost ratio of the developed decorticator was
1:1.19