Studies on zinc, iron and organic fertilization in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Date
2016-10
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The above study was conducted at N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) during two consecutive years (2014-15 and 2015-16) to assess the performance of direct dry seeded rice (irrigated ecosystem) under micronutrients and organic manures application and their residual effect on succeeding wheat. The soil was silty clay loam in texture, slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.7) with low in available nitrogen (236.5 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (19.6 Kg ha-1) and potassium (178.9 Kg ha-1). The experiment was set out in randomized block design with three replications. Total fourteen treatments were allotted to rice crop consisting of (1) Absolute control (2) RDF120:60:40 (control) (3) RDF + Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 (4) RDF + 1 foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 (5) RDF + soil application of FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 (6) RDF + 3 foliar spray of 1% FeSO4 (7) RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 (8) RDF + 1 Foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 3 Foliar Spray of 1% FeSO4 (9) RDF + 3.0 t vermicompost (10) RDF + 5.0 t FYM (11) RDF + brown manure (12) RDF + brown manure + 1.5 t vermicompost (13) RDF + brown manure + 2.5 t FYM and (14) RDF + ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 (Transplanted rice). Rice variety NDR 359 and wheat PBW 502 were used. Wheat was grown with recommended dose of N, P, K 150:60:40 Kg ha-1 and the experiment was conducted on a fixed site over two cropping cycles in order to study the residual effect of various treatments applied in rice.
Results revealed that among various treatments, RDF + BM + 1.5 t VC was found significantly superior in terms of growth parameters, yield attributes (except number of grain per panicle, sterility percentage and panicle length) grain yield (5.69 and 6.50 t ha-1 during 2014 and 2015, respectively) and straw yield over all the treatments but did not differ significantly with RDF + Brown manure + 2.5 t FYM, RDF + 1 Foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 3 Foliar spray of 1% FeSO4 and RDF + 3.0 t Vermicompost. While alone spray of zinc sulphate @ 0.5% was at par with RDF. Direct seeded rice and transplanted rice supplied with ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 were yielded at par with each other.
Significant improvement in soil N, P and K content was recorded due to application of organic manure while, significantly higher contents of Zn and Fe were found with soil application of zinc sulphate and iron sulphate over control. Organic manures did not have any significant residual effect on yield of wheat crop. However, soil application of zinc sulphate @ 25 Kg alone or combination with iron sulphate had significant residual effect on wheat yield during second year of experimentation. The higher net returns (43231and 59148 Rs. ha-1) and benefit: cost (1.43 and 2.04) ratio in 2014 and 2015, respectively were registered in of case foliar fertilization i.e. RDF + 1 FS of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 3 FS of 1% FeSO4. From the study, it can be concluded that under direct dry seeded rice (irrigated ecosystem) combined use of one foliar spray of 0.5% zinc sulphate and three foliar spray of 1% iron sulphate was most economic treatment. Although the organic sources of nutrients can also be taken into account in addition to RDF but cost of cultivation may be higher as in present context.
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Agronomy