Animal based waste products for management of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Linnaeus) on stored pulses
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Date
2019-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The studies on the efficacy of animal based waste products for the management of pulse beetle, C. chinensis in stored pulses commodities (mung bean, urd bean, chickpea and pigeon pea) were conducted in the Department of Entomology, G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and
Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during 2018-19. The laboratory experiments were laid out using some animal based waste products such as animal urine used from desi, jersey and Holstein breed cows, buffalo, ox, horse and goat @ 10ml/100g pulse grains and panchgavya, bijamrit and jivamrit @ 3ml/100 g pulse grains. The preferential studies for adult pulse beetles were carried out under choice bioassay method using treated and untreated pulse grains. It was observed that the beetles preferred the untreated pulse grains over the treated grains. Similarly, among the animal based waste products, desi cow urine, bijamrit, jivamrit, and panchgavya were found superior to buffalo urine, ox urine, jersey cow urine and holstein cow urine and very effective against biological parameters of pulse beetle as they caused reduction in egg laying, adult emergence, grain damage and weight loss with increase in seed germination followed by. On the other hand, horse urine and goat urine werealso found quite effective against the biological parameters of pulse beetle but they drastically affected the quality parameters of seeds with very less seed germination ranged from 49.34 to 54.477 per cent in comparison to 75.18 to 85.05 per cent germination was observed among the other treatments . The experiments conducted on the effect of cow dung smoke on mortality of adults of C. chinensis at 1, 6,12,24,48,72,96 and 120 h. of exposure to smoke under airtight conditions resulted in almost 40-50 per cent insect mortality after 96h to 120 h of exposure to cow dung smoke with no adverse effect on quality of pulse seeds. The per cent germination, root length, shoot length and
vigour index values were also found more in smoke treated pulse seeds in comparison to untreated controlwhich clearly revealed the positive effect of smoke on germination and post germination response of pulse seeds. Thus, the present laboratory studies clearly revealed that animal based waste products (except horse urine and goat urine) and cow dung smoke were found quite effective against pulse beetle, C. chinensis without causing any deleterious effects on quality parameters of pulse seeds. Hence, it may be concluded that these eco-friendly and cost effective products can easily be get and used for management of C. chinensis in stored pulses without impairing the quality of seeds for 3 month of storage period. But being a novel and preliminary work, further studies are essentially required to come to the final conclusions and to give recommendation of safe, residue free and long-term storage of pulses commodities without any qualitative and quantitative losses.
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