SEED GERMINATION AND GRAFTING STUDIES IN CASHEW (Anacardium occidentale L.) VARIETIES
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Date
2022-11-22
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College of Horticulture, Mudigere, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga
Abstract
Seed germination and grafting studies in cashew varieties was carried out at the Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Bavikere, KSNUAHS, Iruvakki, Shivamogga. Germination and seedling vigour studies was carried out with ten cashew varieties (Ullal-1, Ullal-2, Ullal-4, VRI-1, VRI-3, Vengurla-3, Vengurla-4, Vengurla- 7, Bhaskara and Priyanka) in Randomized Complete Block Design and three replications during the year 2021-22. The results of the study revealed that, the variety Priyanka showed the highest germination per cent (94.24) and seedling vigour index-1 (2941.65). The variety vengurla-4 showed the highest shoot length (52.76 cm), number of leaves (17.26), number of internodes (7.25) and plant girth (1.82 cm). Thus, it implies that the variety Priyanka has the highest germination percentage, while the variety Vengurla-4 possesses significantly superior traits in terms of growth parameters, which exhibits that both the varieties can be used as a potential rootstock to produce high- quality seedlings of cashew. Further, the effect of grafting height on graft success and survivability was evaluated with six cashew varieties (Ullal-2, VRI-3, Vengurla-4, Vengurla-7, Bhaskara and Priyanka) and three grafting height (10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm) in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results of the study revealed that, initiation of sprouting was observed earliest in the variety Bhaskara at 20 cm height (21.33). The highest number of sprouts per graft were noticed in the variety Vengurla-4 at 20 cm height (2.37). The highest number of leaves per graft (8.93) and the highest sprouting success, graft success and graft survival per cent were noticed in the variety Bhaskara at 20 cm height (85.24 83.00 and 81.81 respectively). Thus, the variety Bhaskara found to be responding best to grafting at a height of 20 cm in terms of graft sprouting, success and survival per cent.