Genetic architecture of yield and its attributes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) under irrigated and rainfed conditions
| dc.contributor.advisor | Swati | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chaudhary, Divya | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-07-22T09:05:06Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-07-22T09:05:06Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The present investigation was taken up to study the combining ability, gene action and heterosis for grain yield and its component under irrigated and rainfed conditions in bread wheat genotypes using line x tester analysis. Fourty nine genotypes comprising of 11 line, 3 testers, 33F1s and 2 checks were planted in completely randomized block design with three replications in two environments at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. Data was taken on 15 morphophysiological characters viz., days to 75% heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), awn length (cm), tillers per plant, flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), spikelets per spike, grains per spike, grain weight per spike (g), 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield per plant (g), grain yield per plant (g) and harvest index for combining ability and heterosis for combining ability and heterosis. In addition to this a morphophysiological screening of the parentes and check was done to identify genotypes tolerant to water stress. For this data on physiological traits viz., NDVI at anthesis and at 15 days after anthesis, CTD at anthesis and at 15 days after anthesis, chlorophyll content at anthesis and at 15 days after anthesis, relative water content and quantum yield (fv/fm) and in some morphological traits, morphological traits 1000 grain weight, grains per spike, grain weight per spike, grain yield, drought susceptibility index (DSI) was utilised. Statistical analysis revealed the significant difference was present among the genotypes for all characters. VL3001 was identified as good general combiner for maximum number (nine) of traits viz., plant height, peduncle length, awn length, spikelets per spike, flag leaf area, grain weight/spike, grain yield/plant, grains/spike, biological yield/plant in irrigated condition (E1). In rainfed condition (E2) KACHU*2//WHEAR/SOKOLL was identified as good general combiner for plant height, spike length, peduncle length, spikelets per spike, flag leaf area, grain weight/spike, grains/spike and FRANCOLIN#1/BAJ#1 for days to 75% heading, awn length, productive tillers/plant, spikelets per spike, flag leaf area, grains/spike and harvest index and VL3001 for days to maturity, plant height, peduncle length, flag leaf area, 1000 grain weight, grain yield/plant and harvest index. In case of pooled analysis, parent VL3001 was identified as good general combiner for maximum number (nine) of traits viz., plant height, peduncle length, spikelets per spike, flag leaf area, grain weight/spike, grain yield/plant, grains/spike, biological yield/plant and harvest index. Cross BECARD/KACHU × WH1080 was identified as good specific combination for maximum number (eight) of traits viz., plant height, spike length, peduncle length, awn length, productive tillers per plant, grain yield per plant, grains per spike, biological yield per plant in irrigated condition (E1) while in rainfed condition (E2) BOW/VEE/5/ND/VG9144//KAL/BBB/YACO/4/CHIL/6/CASKOR/3/… × WH1080 was identified as the best cross due to good specific combination for maximum number (eight) of traits viz., spike length, productive tillers per plant, flag leaf area, 1000 grain weight, grain weight per spike, grain yield per plant, grains per spike and biological yield per plant followed by VL3001 × WH1080 for days to 75% heading, productive tillers per plant, flag leaf area, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per plant, grains per spike and biological yield per plant, C306 × WH1142 for days to 75% heading, spike length, peduncle length, productive tillers/plant, spikelets/spike, grain weight per spike and biological yield per plant. In pooled analysis, C306 × WH1142 identified as best specific combination for maximum number (nine) of traits viz., spike length, peduncle length, awn length, productive tillers/plant, spikelets/sp ke, flag leaf area, grain weight per spike, grains per spike and biological yield per plant followed by BECARD/KACHU × WH1080 for plant height, spike length, awn length, grain weight per spike, grains per spike, biological yield per plant and harvest index, cross BOW/VEE/5/ND/VG9144//KAL/BBB/YACO/4/CHIL/6/CASKOR/3/… × WH1080 for days to maturity, spike length, productive tillers per plant, flag leaf area, 1000 grain weight, grains per spike and biological yield per plant. In irrigated condition, KACHU*2//WHEAR/SOKOLL × HD3086, C306 × WH1142, BECARD/KACHU × WH1142, C306 × WH1142, C306 × HD3086, VL3001 × HD3086, C306 × WH1080, VL3001 × WH1142, PBW644 × WH1142, C306 × HD3086, UP2572 × HD3086 were recognized as the best heterotic cross over all the levels for the characters plant height, spike length, peduncle length, awn length, productive tillers/plant, spikelets/spike, 1000 grain weight, grain weight/spike, grain yield/plant, biological yield/plant, harvest index, respectively. In rainfed condition, BOW/VEE/5/ND/VG9144//KAL/BBB/YACO/4/CHIL/6/CASKOR/3/… × HD3086, VL3001 × WH1142, KACHU*2// WHEAR/SOKOLL × WH1142, UP2572 × HD3086, KACHU*2//WHEAR/SOKOLL × HD3086, PBW644 × WH1142, UP2572 × HD3086, UP2572 × HD3086 were recognized as the best heterotic cross over all the levels for the characters days to 75% heading, days to maturity, plant height, productive tiller/plant, flag leaf area, grain weight/spike, grain yield/plant, biological yield/plant, respectively. Variance due to sca was higher than variance due to gca for all the characters indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action. In morphophysiological field screening for water stress tolerance, genotypes BOW/VEE/5/ND/ VG9144//KAL/BBB/YACO/4/CHIL/6/CASKOR/3/…, PBW660, HD3086, WH1080, FRANCOLIN#1/BAJ#1, VL3001, BECARD/KACHU were identified as tolerant on the bases of percent decrease or increase for various traits. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810116067 | |
| dc.keywords | genetic diversity, yield components, wheat, irrigated conditions, dry farming | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.pages | 205 | en_US |
| dc.publisher | G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand) | en_US |
| dc.research.problem | Wheat | en_US |
| dc.sub | Genetics and Plant Breeding | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.theme | Dry Farming | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.Sc | en_US |
| dc.title | Genetic architecture of yield and its attributes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) under irrigated and rainfed conditions | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |