Physiological Evaluation of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Genotypes with Special Reference to Drought Resistance and Productivity
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Date
2013
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JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigations entitled “Physiological evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) genotypes with reference to drought resistance and productivity” were carried out during Kharif season of 2011-12 at the research farm area, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) in a randomized block design replicated thrice. The results revealed that the genotypes indicated variable response for phenological traits. IVTPM 1 possessed the longest reproductive period (44.0 days) which can be utilized in a breeding program for increasing span of reproductive phase. IVTPM 7 may utilized for its highest grain filling rate despite of a shorter (37.66 days), reproductive period. Genotype IVTPM 3 for higher dry matter production in plant parts as well as total, LAI (4.81), LAD (84938 cm2.days), CGR (0.0014 g/cm2/day), RGR (0.07275 g/g/day), SLA (598.14 cm2/g) and IVTPM 7 for higher dry matter production in cobs (18.44 g/plant) may be utilized in a breeding program for enhancement of magnitude of growth parameters. Among drought resistant characteristics genotype IVTPM 7 possessed the maximum leaf water potential (-0.29 MPa) and leaf proline content (1.74 mol/g), genotype IVTPM 6 - the maximum membrane thermostability (1.19 mhos cm-1 electrical conductivity), canopy temperature (29.44 0C), air temperature (29.53 0C), photosynthetic rate (27.71 mol/m2/s), water use efficiency (8.73 mol/m mol), IVTPM 4 - desiccation tolerance (1.90 mhos cm-1) , IVTPM 2 - root shoot ratio (0.29), IVTPM 5 - lowest stomatal conductance (0.32 mol/m2/s), transpiration rate (2.60 m mol/m2/s), IVTPM 5 - highest relative water content (87.85 %) and lowest water saturation deficit (12.15 %), respectively. These traits may be utilized for developing the genotypes for drought prone areas. Genotype IVTPM 3 possessed highest chlorophyll index (22.48 g/m2) as well as quantum efficiency (7.51) which can also be utilized in a breeding program.
The genotype IVTPM 7 possessed the higher grain filling rate despite of shorter reproductive period (37.66 days), dry matter production in cobs (18.44 g/plant), carboxylation efficiency (67.6 mol/m2/s( mol mol-1)-1, an average higher RGR (0.0695 g/g/day) which had reflected in its highest no. of cobs/plant (5.30), cob length (32.00 cm) and a quite higher no. of tillers/plant (5.33), HI (36.52 %), biological yield (85.23 g/plant and 15341.4 kg/ha) subsequently in highest grain yield (37.60 g/plant and 5401.66 kg/ha). IVTPM 5 was ranked second in yield performance (32.58 g/plant and 5146.66 kg/ha). IVTPM 1 possessed the lowest yield (7.02 g/plant and 1755.83 kg/ha). The highest no. of tillers/plant in IVTPM 4 (5.33), no. of grains/cob in IVTPM 3 (1277.66), biological yield in IVTPM 5 (104.43 g/plant and 18797.4 kg/ha) and HI in IVTPM 6 (40.86 %) could not contribute to increase in the grain yield due to poor performance of other yield components. Among seed quality traits IVTPM 5 was associated with highest protein (7.08 %), IVTPM 4 – fat (12.93 %) and carbohydrate (66.53 %) and IVTPM 3 – fibre contents (5.60 %), respectively.