Evaluation of bacterial endophytes for growth promotion of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), also known as green gram, is one of the important pulse crop
of India. India alone accounts for 65% of its world acreage and 54% of the production. Nonrhizobial
endophytic bacteria exert several beneficial effects on host plant such as stimulation of plant growth,
nitrogen fixation and induction of resistance to plant pathogen. The use of endophytes offers an
attractive way to replace chemical fertilizers, pesticides and supplements. In the present study,
Mungbean nodule samples were collected from farm area of Pulses section, Genetics and Plant
Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during summer and kharif season to isolate the endophytes. In total, 41
endophytes were isolated using tryptone soya agar (TSA) medium. After isolation, all the endophytes
were assessed for temperature tolerance (up to 450C) and salt (NaCl) tolerance (up to 5%). The
majority of mungbean endophytes were found to be IAA producers, though the production varied in the
range of 1.12-44.88 μg/ml and the P-solubilisation activity of endophytic isolates on solid as well as
liquid medium was restricted to 49 % of the isolates only. Ammonia excretion varied in the range of
0.25-3.47 μg/ml and isolate E17 exhibited maximum ammonia excretion (3.47μg/ml). Out of 41
isolates only 10 endophytic isolates were siderophore producers and 12 endophytic isolates showed
HCN production and overall 76% of mungbean nodule endophytic isolates showed ACC utilization on
minimal medium plates. Potassium solubilisation was shown by only 24% of the endophytic isolates.
Four promising endophytic isolates, namely E6, E13, E14 and E17 which showed maximum number of
plant growth promoting traits were selected for plant growth evaluation of mungbean under pot house
conditions during summer and kharif season (2016). Among various treatments, coinoculation of
endophytic isolate E13 along with Rhizobium (MB703) and phosphate solubiliser (P36) was the best
treatment with respect to nodulation, plant growth and yield attributes under pot house as well as field
conditions. On the basis of biochemical characterization and partial 16S rDNA sequencing isolates E6,
E13, E14 and E17 were identified to be Pseudomonas sp. strain PM1220, Bacillus
amyloliquefaciens strain PM1218, Bacillus flexus starin PM1217and Beijerinckia fluminensis
strain PM1219.
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