Characterization of ground water quality of asandh and nissing blocks of district Karnal, Haryann
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Date
2005
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Present study entitled, “Characterisation of ground water quality of Nissing and
Asandh blocks of district Karnal, Haryana” and to assess the effect of different quality waters
on physico-chemical properties of soils in respective blocks, was under taken. With the
objective in view 407 and 357 tube-well water samples from 46 villages of Asandh and 50
villages of Nissing block respectively were collected. On the basis of water analysis, soil
samples from Asandh and Nissing blocks were collected and analyzed for their physical and
chemical properties.
pH, EC, SAR and RSC in irrigation waters of Asandh varied from 7.15-9.2, 0.48-6.52
dSm-1, 0.26-19.86 (m mol l-1)½ and Nil-18.1 ml l-1 respectively. Likewise corresponding values
of water quality varied from 7.2-9.1, 0.48-4.19 dSm-1, 1.05-19.86 (m mole l-1)½ and Nil-18.0 me l-1
respectively, in Nissing block. Dominant cation was sodium followed by magnesium and
calcium. Likewise, in case of anions, bicarbonate was the dominant anion followed by chloride
and sulphate upto EC 3dSm-1 and after EC range between 3-4 dSm-1 and above the trend was
Cl- > SO4
2- >HCO3
- >CO3
2- type water in Asandh block. In Nissing block, bicarbonates were the
dominant anion followed by chloride and sulphate upto EC range 2-3 dSm-1 , in EC range 3-4
dSm-1 HCO3
- > SO4
2- > Cl- > CO3
2- type waters and after EC 4 dSm-1 the trend was Cl- > HCO3
- >
SO4
2- > CO3
2- type water in respect of anions. RSC was observed only in tube-well waters
having EC upto 3 and 4 dSm-1 respectively in Asandh and Nissing blocks and subsequent EC
range of water did not show presence of RSC. In both Asandh and Nissing blocks maximum
number of underground water samples (185 and 195) had EC between 1 and 2 dSm-1 and
with the increase in EC, number of tube-well water samples decreased, under various range.
As per Manchanda classification 49.4, 18.7, 0, 24.6 and 7.3 per cent waters of Asandh block
were classified under good, marginal, saline, sodic and saline-sodic categories, respectively.
Likewise 53.5, 6.4, 0.6, 38.7 and 0.8 per cent of the respective underground waters were
found in the corresponding category in Nissing block. As per AICRP (1989) classification 35.63,
19.9, 5.41, 2.46, 15.48, 15.97 and 5.15 per cent waters of Asandh block were classified under
good, marginally saline, saline, high SAR saline, marginally alkali, alkali and highly alkali
categories, respectively. Likewise 45.7, 8.7, 0.3, 0.6, 20.2, 19.2 and 5.3 per cent of the
respective underground waters were found in the corresponding categories in Nissing block.
The use of poor quality water resulted salt accumulation in both the surface (0-15 cm) and sub
surface (15-30 cm) layers. Mostly highest ECe and SARe were observed in the upper layer (0-
15 cm) of soil.