Studies on seed-borne fungal pathogens of chickpea and their management with special referance to Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.
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Date
2009
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UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
The present investigation on seedborne fungal pathogens of chickpea and their
management with special reference to Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. was conducted during
2007-2009 which included seed health testing of different chickpea cultivars, study of effect
of seed mycoflora on germination and vigour, evaluation of seed health testing methods, seed
to plant transmission studies, effect of different seed inoculum levels on wilt incidence and
integrated disease management through use of seed dressing fungicides, botanicals and
bioagents along with priming agents.
Seed health testing of chickpea seed samples collected from different parts of northern
Karnataka revealed the dominance of Fusarium spp. Seed washing technique revealed only
the presence of saprophytic fungi like Aspergillus sp. Among the different seed health testing
methods, 2,4-D blotter method was found to be good for the detection of Fusarium spp. in
chickpea .Infected chickpea seeds exhibited poor germination and vigour .
The pathogenic ability of seedborne Fusarium solani was proved by seedling
symptom test under in vitro and glass house condition. The results of effect of different seed
inoculum levels of F. solani on wilt incidence indicated that the seed inoculum level upto
5×104 conidia/10 ml resulted in maximum wilt incidence. Component plating technique
proved the internal and external seedborne nature of F. solani. Seed dressing fungicides viz.,
carbendazim+iprodione, bio-agent Pseudomonas fluorescens and botanical garlic bulb extract
were found effective in eliminating seed-borne fungal infections.
Under glasshouse condition seed treatment with P. fluorescens + vermiculite recorded
least per cent wilt incidence (12.53%) at 45 DAS. Under field condition, seed treatment with
carbendazim+iprodine (0.2%) recorded highest yield (9.56 q/ha) and maximum net returns
(Rs.12,960) with least wilt incidence.