GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION AND MOLECULAR STUDIES ON PROTEIN CONTENT USING MICROSATELLITES IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2015
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PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken in rice to elicit information on
combining ability, heterosis, character association, direct and indirect effects, stability
of hybrids for protein content, yield, yield components and quality characters of
hybrids at different locations of Telangana state and also to map the gene(s) for
protein content using microsatellite markers
Eight divergent parents were selected and crossed in diallel fashion excluding
reciprocals during kharif, 2012 at DRR Farm, Directorate of Rice Research,
Hyderabad, Telangana state. During rabi, 2012-13 the 28 cross combinations along
with their parents were evaluated at three different locations viz., Jagitial, Warangal,
and Hyderabad for protein content, yield, yield components and quality characters.
The analysis of variance of 36 genotypes (eight parents and twenty-eight cross
combinations) revealed significant differences among the parents and hybrids
evaluated at different locations for all the characters under study.
The combining ability analysis of variance in pooled analysis, showed
significant differences due to locations, parents, hybrids and various interactions
indicating the existence of sufficient variation in the material under study. The gca
and sca variances indicated that non additive gene action was predominant in the
expression of protein content, yield, yield component traits and quality characters
In pooled analysis, none of the parents was found to exhibit significant
gca effects for all the characters studied. Jalanidhi , Phalguna were found to be
promising general combiners for protein, grain yield per plant and other traits. Based on significant sca effects, in pooled analysis, for protein content, seven
crosses recorded significant positive sca effects. On the whole, twelve cross
combinations viz., Suraksha × Jalanidhi, Suraksha × MTU1010, Suraksha ×
Swarna, Jalanidhi × Phalguna, Jalanidhi × Mahamaya, Jalanidhi × MTU1010,
Phalguna × RPBIO226, Phalguna × Swarna, Mahamaya × RPBIO226, MTU1010
× BPT5204, RPBIO 226 × BPT5204, RPBIO 226 × Swarna have been identified as
promising based on per se performance, sca effects and heterosis for yield and its
attributes in pooled analysis. Besides yield these cross combinations also possessed
desirable quality characters like milling per cent, head rice recovery per cent, water
uptake, Alkali Spreading Value. But in case of protein content, none of the cross
combination showed significant heterosis in desirable direction though Mahamaya ×
Swarna, Phalguna × Swarna, Suraksha× Mahamaya, Jalanidhi × MTU1010,
Suraksha × Jalanidhi, Phalguna × RPBIO226 had high Protein content among all
cross combinations with optimum yield.
Genotype x environment interaction studies with twenty eight hybrids at
different locations for protein content, yield and yield attributing traits by Eberhart
and Russell revealed four hybrids viz., Suraksha × Jalanidhi , Jalanidhi × MTU1010,
Phalguna × Swarna , BPT 5204 × Swarna were identified as stable hybrids for protein
content,while in case of grain yield per plant the hybrids Jalanidhi × Mahamaya,
MTU1010× BPT5204 was considered as stable cross combination.
The character association studies revealed that the attributes viz. number of
productive tillers per plant, plant height, kernel breadth and kernel length had a
significant positive association along with direct effect on grain yield per plant
suggesting selection of these traits will be useful for the improvement of grain yield
and grain yield per plant had a negative significant association with protein content in
pooled analysis.
Based on the present study, it can be emphasized that Jalanidhi × Mahamaya,
MTU1010 × BPT 5204 are stable with the desirable sca effects, heterosis and per se
performance for grain yield and other important attributes. Suraksha × Jalanidhi and
Phalguna × Swarna had high protein content among all cross combinations with
optimum yield. These hybrids may be further tested over locations, seasons and years
and recommended for commercial release.
For mapping of gene(s) for protein content, RM1369, RM263 and RM337
were identified to be associated with protein content. RM337 showed highest
significant variation with protein at the tune of recombination frequency 0.23. So
further investigation is warranted to identify closely linked markers by increasing the
population size and number of microsatellite markers.
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Keywords
grain, yields, rice, hybrids, developmental stages, planting, crossing over, proteins, heterosis, genotypes