IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENTIAL ENDOPHYTES AGAINST Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. A STEM ROT CAUSING PATHOGEN OF GROUNDNUT
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Date
2019-09-06
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Endophytes are living microorganisms present inside the plant tissues imparting
tolerance against abiotic and biotic stress, in turn getting food and livelihood from plants.
Exploration for fungal and bacterial endophytes as potential biocontrol agents against
Sclerotium rolfsii. infecting groundnut was made by conducting in-vitro studies. Fungal
and bacterial endophytes isolated from three selected varieties of groundnut viz., ICGV-
91114, ICG-13902 and JL-24 at three different time intervals (30, 60 and 90 days after
sowing). Total of 237 fungal and 310 bacterial endophytes were obtained from 324
processed tissue segments, and were morphologically categorized into 96 fungal and 86
bacterial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU’s) by considering the colony colour,
pattern and texture of the endophytes and evaluated against Sclerotium rolfsii. infecting
groundnut by dual culture technique. Out of 96 fungal OTU’s, one OTU and out of 86
bacterial OTU’s twelve OTU’s showed more than 50 per cent inhibition. Bacterial
endophytic OTU 8ns1 isolated from ICG-13902 showed highest per cent inhibition
(83.28) of Sclerotium rolfsii. Molecular characterization of potential endophytes by
amplifying ITS region (ITS1 and ITS4 primers) for fungus and 16s rRNA region for
bacterial endophytes revealed that, fungal endophyte as Fusarium solani (4pr2) and the
bacterial endophytes as Lysinibacillus sp (4nr1), Alcaligenes feacalis (4nr1), Alcaligenes
sp (8ns1), Orchobacterium intermedium (8ns2), from 30-days old sample. Similarly,
Burkholdera cepacia (8nl3), Orchrobacterium intermedium (4nl2), Orchrobacterium
intermedium (17nr4), Paenibacillus sp (4nl3), from 60-days old sample and
Orchrobacterium sp (4nl4), Bacillus subtilis (8nl1), Alcaligenes sp (8ns1), Bacillus
subtilis (17nl2) from 90-days old sample.