ETIO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DISORDERS OF POULTRY IN SOUTHERN REGION OF RAJASTHAN
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Date
2019
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Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Abstract
The present study was carried out to study etiopathology of gastrointestinal tract
(GIT) disorders of poultry in Southern region of Rajasthan. A total of 50 flocks were
surveyed and maximum cases were reported from Udaipur (41.66%) followed by
Dungarpur (19.04%), Chittorgarh (17.85%), Rajsamand (15.47%) and Bhilwara
(5.95%). The occurrence of colibacillosis was 23.34%, followed by haemorrhages in
proventriculus (4.78%), salmonellosis (4.59%), parasitic infection (2.79%), ascites
(1.38%) other systemic infections (0.99%), and internal haemorrhages (0.10%).
Maximum mortality was in 6-12 weeks age group (27.38%) and minimum in birds of
0-1 weeks of age (11.90%). Bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (70.31%),
Salmonella sps. (12.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.37%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(6.25%) & Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.56%). The different serotypes of E. coli and
Salmonella sps. identified were O83, O149, O120, O11, O134, O7, O157, O9, rough
and Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Welteverden and Salmonella Linderburg.
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various bacteria isolates revealed that cefixime,
amikacin, ceftriaxone & cefotaxime are the most sensitive drugs against various
bacterial isolates. However co-trimoxazole, tetracyclin, chloramphanicol &
ciprofloxacin were showing resistance to two or more bacteria isolated in this study.
Characteristic lesions in colibacillosis were presence of thick fibrinous layer on all the
visceral organs particularly on heart and liver. Salmonella infected cases revealed
hepatomegaly and splenomegaly along with multiple pale necrotic foci on the surface
of liver & spleen. The maximum number of lesions were recorded from intestine
(85.71%) followed by liver (75%), oesophagus (17.85%), proventriculus (17.85%),
pancreas (11.90%), gizzard (9.52%) and crop (7.14%). The various lesions recorded
were congestion, haemorrhage, oedema, degeneration, necrosis and infiltration of
leucocytes.