Studies on early reproduction traits of female Frieswal progeny under field conditions
Loading...
Date
2013-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Present study was carried out from August 7, 2012 to March 31, 2013 in U. S. Nagar district of Uttarakhand on 131 Frieswal heifers reared by 127 farmers under 5 AI centres, and aimed to study farmers’ profile, management practices, morphometric traits, early reproduction traits and performance traits. Maximum of the respondents were educated (73.23 %), owned small herd size of 3AUE (44.09 %), possessed up to 5
acres land (44.09 %) and very few (23.62 %) were landless. Majority of farmers followed good animal husbandry practices for pregnant heifers. Suckling was allowed for milk let down. Male and female calf born ratio was 46.7:53.3 (av. birth weight 26.67±0.74 kg), who received colostrum ad lib, and calf starter and green fodder from 3rd week and dewormers at 4th week of age. Least-squares means (cm) of 47 pubertal
and 62 pregnant heifers were 118.7±1.7 and 134.1±1.9 for BL, 114.5±1.3 and 121.3±1.2 for HAW, 143.1±2.3 and 162.7±2.4 for CG, 150.9±3.0 and 173.5±3.0 for PG, 41.0±0.9 and 43.8±0.9 for FL, 29.7±0.9 and 31.7±0.9 for FW, 17.4±0.3 and 19.1±0.4 for EPL, 67.3±1.2 and 70.3±1.1 for HE, 33.6±0.8 and 37.3±1.2 for HK,
109.1±1.2 and 115.0±1.2 for HPB, 112.6±1.4 and 119.6±1.1 for HHB, 3.08±0.07 and 3.83±0.07 m2 for BSA, 5.15±0.23 and 5.62±0.24 mm for SFT and 227.0±9.3 and 331.7±10.9 kg for EBW, respectively. Land holding had significant effect on HAW, HE and HK in pubertal heifers. Whereas, stage of gestation had significant effect on BSA, SFT and EBW in pregnant heifers. Least-squares means for AP, AFAI, ACON, IPC, NAI and LLOC were 485.2±21.8 (n=131), 608.3±27.1 (n=81), 610.2±25.2 (n=77), 36.18±15.62 (n=77), 2.23±0.13 (n=77) and 30.17±3.74 (n=63) days. Significant effects of AIC, YOB, education level, herd size and SOB on AP; of AIC on AFAI; of YOB on AFAI; of AIC on ACON, IPC and LLOC were observed. Discharge and bellowing were the most frequently observed signs of estrus during puberty and conception. AI were mostly performed between 06:00 to 10:00 am. Mean duration of estrus and time of AI after onset of estrus were 21.8±1.4 and 14.69±0.27 hr, respectively. Average GL, AFC, TTC and TEP were 282.1±1.4, 807.0±28.1 days, 3.91±0.76 and 3.23±0.58 hr. Most of the calving occurred between 00:00 to 06:00 am. Average values for WP,
WFAI, WS1P, WS2P, WS3P and WFC were 227.0±9.3, 270.64±8.75, 366.6±89.4, 331.1±11.8, 333.7±31.0 and 398.5±3.79 kg, respectively. Most of heifers were born during winter season. In most of the cases puberty, conception and calving occurred during spring season. A few calving were recorded for dystokia (6.76%) who delivered male calf. Milk samples collected from 14 cows on 10th day of fat and SNF percent as 4.1±0.11 and 8.67 ±0.06, respectively.
Description
Thesis-PhD
Keywords
reproduction traits, progeny, field experimentation, animal husbandry, heifers