CLINICAL STUDIES ON MANAGEMENT OF ORAL AFFECTIONS IN DOGS
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Date
2018-07-23
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present study was conducted on 120 patients presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSKHPKV, Palampur, India in a period spanning 20 months. The objectives of the study were to probe the regional occurrence of oral affections in dogs and to evolve the management protocol for oral affections in dogs. The various oral affections like periodontal disease, mandibular fracture, malocclusion, oral papilloma, oral tumours, foreign bodies, traumatic injuries, and persistent deciduous teeth etc. were recorded. Erythrocein dye was used to disclose the plaque and periodontal probing was done to assess the pocket depth and furcation exposure index. Intraoral radiographs to identify lesions below the gums and to assess the vitality of the tooth. The regional incidence of oral affections in dogs was found to be 8.32 per cent. Periodontal disease was found to be the major health problem in dogs over the age of 5 years. The age of the pet is directly correlated with the incidence and severity of the periodontal disease. Dogs fed with pure vegetarian and only homemade food were more prone to oral affections. Dental polishing followed by scaling considerably improved the oral health of the patients, relieved them from chronic discomfort and wasting and further decreased the susceptibility to repeated periodontal diseases. The tartar samples processed for microbiology revealed the common occurrence of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., and E. coli. Amoxicillin and Clindamycin are found to be the most effective antibiotic for countering the periodontal diseases. A direct relationship of periodontal disease has been found in systemic diseases especially the chronic kidney diseases in dogs.
The surgical correction of jaw fractures enabled the patients to eat soft chewable diet by 5 days and within 3 weeks complete healing with full functionality was observed. Regional nerve blocks for oral surgeries were useful tools in the management of commonly encountered post-operative pain. Various life-threatening tumours encountered were squamous cell carcinoma, cavernous haemangioma, fibroma, and acanthomatous epulis. The laser surgery was found to be a useful modality for resection of growths/masses with minimum loss of blood and decreased post-op complications. It is recommended that precise and scientific examination of an oral cavity at least once or twice in a year should be a part of routine physical examination to prevent major health hazards.
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