Effect of continuous application of target yield based fertilizers and organic manure in maize-wheat cropping system on soil properties, nutrients uptake and productivity of maize in an acid Alfisol
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Date
2023-02-13
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CSK HPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present study on the effect of continuous application of target yield based
fertilizers and organic manure in maize-wheat cropping system on soil properties, nutrients
uptake and productivity of maize was carried out during kharif 2020 and 2021 in a long-term
experiment on soil test crop response studies at the experimental farm of Department of Soil
Science, CSK HPKV Palampur. The experiment consisted of eight treatments viz., control,
farmers’ practice, general recommended dose, soil test based fertilizer application, chemical
fertilizers for 30 q ha-1
target yield with and without FYM, chemical fertilizers for 40 q ha-1
target yield with and without FYM, in a randomized block design. The soil was silty clay
loam, acidic in reaction (pH 5.2), 7.2 g organic carbon ha-1
, 236, 41 and 272 kg available N, P
and K ha-1
, respectively. Soil samples from 0-0.15 m depth were collected before and after the
harvest of maize (kharif 2020 and 2021) and analyzed for the physical, chemical and
biological properties. Grain and stover samples were also analyzed for nutrients concentration
and nutrients uptake was determined. Grain quality parameters were also determined.
Continuous application of 30 and 40 q ha-1
target yield based fertilizers with FYM improved
the physical properties of the soil significantly over control and chemical fertilizers-alone
treatments. Soil organic carbon content, CEC, available N, P, K, S, exchangeable Ca and Mg,
DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, microbial biomass C, N, P, S and enzyme activity were
highest in STCR-IPNS treatments, however, soil pH did not vary significantly within the
treatments. Integration of FYM with 40 q ha-1
target yield based chemical fertilizers improved
the maize grain quality resulting in highest crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, total
carbohydrates, starch, reducing and non-reducing sugar content but it was at par with target
yield 30 q ha-1
+ FYM treatment. Target yield based chemical fertilizers application for 30
and 40 q ha-1 with FYM significantly increased the grain and stover yield as well the N, P, K,
S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu uptake by maize over farmers’ practice, general recommended
dose and soil test based fertilizer application. The highest B:C was recorded in 40 q ha-1
target
yield treatment (3.02 and 3.04), followed by 40 q ha-1
target yield + FYM (2.87 and 2.80) and
lowest in control (1.30 and 1.19) during kharif 2020 and 2021, respectively.