ANTHER CULTURE STUDIES IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
41124
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L., 2n=24), a member of the family Poaceae is the most important cereal food crop in the world and feeds over half of the global population. Anther culture is useful technique in rice breeding programs, as production of haploid plants speeds up the breeding cycle by fixing homozygosity in one generation. The investigation was conducted to standardize culture media for callus induction and regeneration from anther derived callus of Azucena (O. sativa subsp. japonica) and Budda (O. sativa subsp. indica) rice varieties. Anthers from the panicle, with a distance of 11cm and 8 cm length between the subtending leaf and the flag leaf in Azucena and Budda respectively, were selected for the study. At this length, anthers contained uninucleate pollen grains. Before inoculation of the anthers, a cold pretreatment of 50C for 8 days was given to the selected panicles. Callus induction frequency in different media combination ranged from 0.66% to 6.66% was observed in N6 medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l-1 2, 4-D, 2.0 mg l-1 NAA and 0.5 mg l-1 Kinetin. In Azucena variety, highest callus induction (6.66%) while no callusing was found in Budda variety. Highest shoot regeneration (0.33%) from callus was observed in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 BAP, 0.5 mg l-1 Kinetin and 80 mg l-1 adenine sulphate. But all the regenerated shoots were albinos. Root formation was observed in MS medium without any growth regulator.