STUDIES ON SYLLEPTIC BRANCHING PATTERN BEARING HABITS AND FRUIT QUALITY IN THREE CULTIVARS OF BER (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.)
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Date
1992
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ANDHRA PRADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
Investigations on sylleptic branching pattern,
bearing habits and fruit quality of different order
branches of the shoot in three cultivars of ber were
conducted at NAARr1, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during the
year 1989-90. The experiments were laid out in a randomized
block design with factorial concept. For all
purposes in this study the branches were ordered according
to the orthodox botanical system.
All the three cultivars produced almost equal
number of first order and third order sylleptic branches,
however the cv. Mundia produced highest and cv.
Gola produced least number of second order sylleptic
hranches. In all the three cultivars studied, main
axis of the shoot had highest number of nodes and
number of nodes present on branch decreased with
increase in branch order number due to decrease in
vigour. Node number at which branching started was
highest on main axis followed by first order branches
and least on second order branches. After giving out
the first sylleptic branch, the main axis and first
order branches produced most of the subsequent branches
at a regular interval of two nodes. In case of second
order branches due to decreased vigour, produced branches
sparsely without a rigid branching interval.
Percentage of nodes producing sylleptic branches were
highest on main axis and decreased with increase in
banch order number. Percentage of nodes producing
neither branches nor flowers were highest on main axis
and lowest on first order branches. The results indicates
that branching pattern among the cultivars of the
same species remains basically similar.
Cultivar Mundia produced flowering from earlier
nodes compared to other two cultivars. In all the three
cultivars studied flowering started from the middle
portion of the main axis and was directly proportional
to the branch initiation on main axis, whereas flowering
started from basal nodes of the first and second
order branches of the shoot. Node number at which
fruit bearing started also decreased with increase in
branch order number.
Percentage of nodes bearing flowers, percentage
of nodes bearing fruits, percentage of flowered nodes
bearing fruits were increased with increase in branch
order number. Number of flowers per inflorescence i;.-rere
hihest in main axis and decreased with increase in
branch order number. Fruit set and final fruit retention
were lowest in main axis and higher in branches
with higher branch order number, which is an adaptive
strategy to maximise the reproductive effort. Fruit
set and final retention were highest in cv. Mundia,
which was due to planting geometry in the experimental
site and incompatibility among cultivars and differential
sensitivity to stress in relation to the stage of
fruit development among different cultivars, which may
be lowest in cv. Mundia. Cultivar Gola had highest
number of flowered nodes bearing fruits, which resulted
in production of highest total number of fruits.
Contribution of main axis in fruit yield per shoot was
very low, whereas contribution of first order and
second order branches were very high and almost equal
in fruit yield per shoot.
acidity,
in cv.
sugars,
of cv.
acidity
branches
fruits
number.
Fruit quality attributes such as ~ss, titrable
ascorbic acid and reducing sugars were highest
Gola, whereas average fruit weight, invert
sucrose and total sugars were highest in fruits
Seb. All the fruit quality attributes except
of fruits were highest in fruits borne on
with higher branch order number compared to
borne on branches with lower branch order
Fruit yield per shoot had a positive significant
correlation with fruit yield, total number of
fruits and average fruit weight produced on second
order branches of the shoot and fruit yield and total
number of fruits produced on first order branches of
the shoot.
Fruit yield, total number of frutis, fruit
set, per cent of flowered nodes bearing fruits, average
number of fruits produced per first order branch, node
number at which fruit bearing started on first order
branches and number of first order sylleptic branches
exhibited i dirsct positive influence on fruit yield
per shoot. Among the yield traits of second order
branches fruit yield, per cent of nodes bearing fruits,
final fruit retention on second order sylleptic
branches recorded a direct positive influence on fruit
yield per shoot. The other characters such as average
fruit weight and total number of fruits produced on
second order branches and average number of fruits
produced per second order branch also influence
indirectly through fruit yield on second order branches
in positive direction on fruit yield per shoot.
Description
Keywords
diseases, fruits, fungi, biological development, chillies, biological phenomena, polysaccharides, fungicides, application methods, pathogens