In vitro establishment of nitrogen fixing azotobacter chroococcum with brassica juncea L. cv RH-30
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Date
2009
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Brassica juncea is an amphidiploid with B. nigra (L.) Koch (2n =
16) and B. rapa L. (2n = 20) as parents, It is also known as, Indian
mustard or leaf mustard, During 2006-2007 mustard occupied 6.7
million hectares with an annual production of 74 million tonnes in
India. B. juncea cultivation is mainly confined to Uttar Pradesh,
Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, and Bihar. B.juncea is
mainly used in the production of mustard oil. Mustard oil is one of the
major edible oils in India. Azotobacter chroococcum is a gram negative,
free living nitrogen fixing bacterium and is used as biofertilizer. Several
properties of Azotobacter are beneficial for its associated plants like its
-IVability
to produce various growth regulators and siderophores which
results in an overall increase in growth of its associated plants. In the
present study, attempts were made to study the establishment of A.
chroococcum with calli of B.juncea.
Calli of B.juncea were raised using cotyledonary explants.
Maximum percent induction of calli from cotyledonary explants was
observed in MS medium supplementd with 0.2 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l
NAA.
To study the establishment of A. chroococcum with callus of
B.juncea. Broth of A. chroococcum containing 106 and 107 cfu/ml were
used to make 5, 10 and 15ul of A. chroococcum inoculum which were
then injected in calli of B.juncea.
Calli of B.juncea injected with 10 and 15 μl of bacterial inoculum
did not survive because of overgrowth of bacterial cells. Therefore
further studies were conducted with 5 μl of bacterial inoculum for
injection into calli.
The injected calli; after incubation of 4 and 8 days, were surface
sterilized and crushed to make a suspension in sterilized water which
was plated on Jensen’s nitrogen free medium.
Bacterial count was found to increase after 4 and 8 days in calli
injected with 5μl on bacterial inoculum, which confirms the
associationship A. chroococcum with callus of B.juncea Scanning
electron micrograph also confirms the establishment of A. chroococcum
with callus of B.juncea.
Description
Keywords
Sowing, developmental stages, Yields, Irrigation, Wheats, Crops, Grain, Drying, Soaking, Planting