STABILITY ANALYSIS IN SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)
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Date
2013
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during late Rabi, 2012-13 in three
environments (different dates of sowing) i.e Environment 1 (E1) = 10-01-2013;
Environment 2 (E2) = 25-01-2013; Environment 3 (E3) = 10-02-2013 at the
Agricultural college Farm, Naira, Andhra Pradesh with 30 genotypes of sesame
(Sesamum indicum L.) in order to study the variability, heritability, genetic advance as
per cent of mean, character association, magnitude of direct and indirect effects and
stability analysis. The data were recorded on days to initial flowering, days to 50%
flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of
capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight (g), oil content (%)
and seed yield per plant (g).
The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes
for all the characters in all three environments indicating the presence of genetic
variability in the studied material.
The genotypic coefficients of variation for all the characters studied were lesser
than the phenotypic coefficients of variation indicating the interaction of genotypes
with environment. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in
number of branches per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant
indicating the predominance of additive gene action and hence, direct phenotypic
selection may be useful.
Character association and path coefficient analysis studies revealed that, number
of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsule
showed significant positive association coupled with positive direct effects on seed
yield per plant in all the environments indicating the use of these attributes in selection
to evolve high seed yielding genotypes.
In pooled analysis of variance for stability the genotypes, environments,
environment (linear) and pooled deviations showed significant differences for most of
the characters studied, indicating divergent environments and the importance of
non-linear component in the genotype-environment interaction.
According to Eberhart and Russell (1966) stability parameters (mean, regression
and deviation from regression) the genotype IS-112-B was found to be stable for
average environmental conditions (for days to initial flowering, days to 50% flowering
and number of branches per plant) as well as for poor environmental conditions (for
days to maturity, plant height, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant).
In AMMI analysis, the mean squares were significant for genotypes and
environments for all the quantitative characters indicating significant differences
among genotypes and environments. Among the environments, sowing on last week of
January (environment-II) was found to most suitable for number of capsules per plant
and seed yield per plant as indicated by high mean value of IPCA 1 and low value of
IPCA 2. The genotypes SI-2174-1, S-0434, KMR-17, YLM-11 and YLM-111 recorded
high mean but low interaction effects found to be adaptable for all environments for
most of the characters.
According to AMMI’s stability values (ASV), the genotype IS-112-B was
found to be stable for days to initial flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity,
number of branches per plant, oil content and seed yield per plant while the genotype
IC-607-1-84 was found to be stable for number of capsules per plant, number of seeds
per capsule, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant.
Based on the mean of ranks of all the ten stability parameters for all the
quantitative characters, the genotypes IS-112-B was found to be most stable for days to
initial flowering, days to 50% flowering, plant height, 1000 seed weight, oil content
and seed yield per plant whereas the genotypes IS-112-B, S-0430, B-203 and
IC-607-1-84 found to be stable based on overall rank of all the different stability
parameters for all ten quantitative characters.
The Lewis stability factor, variance due to g x e, Wricke’s ecovalence and
Shukla’s variance ranks showed positive significant association with most of the
stability parameter ranks for number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule
and seed yield per plant. The ranks of ASV values showed positive correlation with all
the stability parameters indicated that selection of stable genotypes based on the ranks
of ASV values was most appropriate.
Based on the comparative studies of the Eberhart and Russell (1966) stability
parameters, AMMI’s stability values (ASV) and mean of ranks of different stability
parameters for all the quantitative characters, the genotype IS-112-B, IC-96128 and
IC-607-1-84 were found to be most stable for more than four quantitative characters.
In the present investigation, the following stable genotypes IS-112-B,
IC-96128, IC-607-1-84, S-0430, B-203, KMR-17 and YLM-111 were found most
promising by comparative study of different stability models and stability parameters,
may serve as potential parental genotypes for future breeding programmes to develop
desirable stable segregants for sesame crop improvement strategies
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Keywords
STABILITY, ANALYSIS, SESAME