GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN GREENGRAM (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek)
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Date
2005
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The present study was conducted during rabi, 2004 at the Agricultural Research
Station, Madhira with 40 genotypes of greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] obtained
from different geographic regions to study the variability, heritability, genetic advance,
genetic divergence and the association between yield and its component traits.
Evaluation of 40 greengram genotypes for ten characters indicated the existence
of high variability for number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant
and number of pods per cluster. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as
per cent of mean was registered by the traits, pod length, 100-seed weight and seed yield
per plant indicating the predominance of additive gene action.
The character association studies revealed that days to maturity, plant height,
number of clusters per plant and number of pods per cluster exhibited significant positive
correlation and high positive direct effect on seed yield and hence, simultaneous selection
of these traits will improve the seed yield.
The results of multivariate analysis and principal component analysis indicated
the presence of considerable genetic divergence among the 40 genotypes studied. The 40
genotypes were grouped into 7 clusters in both the methods and the clustering pattern
revealed that there was no relationship between genetic diversity and geographical
distribution. Days to maturity contributed maximum towards diversity in D2 analysis,
and principal component analysis identified four principal components, which
contributed 79.95% of cumulative variance.
Based on D2 analysis, crosses are proposed between the genotypes of cluster VI
(EC-19515) and cluster VII (GG-324), which had high inter-cluster distance for getting
high seed weight, more clusters per plant and seeds per pod, and between cluster V
(MGG-295) and cluster VII (GG-324) for obtaining early maturity and higher number of
pods per cluster which ultimately results in high yield. The principal component analysis
revealed the crosses between the genotypes of cluster IV (Madhiramung) and cluster V
(EC-19515 & GG-961), which had high inter-cluster distance for getting high pod length
and number of seeds for pod, and cluster V (EC-19515 & GG-961) and cluster VII (ML-
520, PDM-54, GG-850 and GG-324) for getting high seed weight, more number of
clusters per plant which leads to high seed yield per plant
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Keywords
GENETIC, DIVERSITY, ANALYSIS, GREENGRAM