COMPARITIVE EFFICIENCY OF DRIP IRRIGATIION SYSTEM IN MANGO CULTIVATION – AN ECONOMIC STUDY IN KRISHNA DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
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Date
2010
Authors
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The present study entitled “Comparative Efficiency of Drip Irrigation System
in Mango Cultivation – An Economic Study in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh”
was under taken to study the economics and efficiency of mango cultivation under
different irrigation systems, to evaluate the financial investment on drip irrigation
system in mango, to assess the opinion of the farmers on installation and
performance of drip irrigation system in mango, to study the progress of Andhra
Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project (APMIP) for Mango in Krishna district and Andhra
Pradesh.
For the present study, a sample of 30 drip and 60 surface irrigated mango
cultivators were selected from six villages in three mandals which have maximum
cultivated area of mango under drip and surface irrigations. The primary data were
collected by survey method through well structured schedule for the agriculture year
2008-09. Secondary data was collected from sources like Department of
Horticulture, APMIP office, INDIA STAT etc. The analytical tools employed in the
study were conventional analysis, functional analysis and financial appraisal
techniques.
The Government of Andhra Pradesh, one of the leading state in India
launched APMIP (Andhra Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project) on November 3rd 2003
with an objective of enhancing the crop productivity by improving the water use
efficiency through micro irrigation system. The project aimed at bringing 2.50 lakh
ha area under micro irrigation system in 22 districts of Andhra Pradesh with financial
outlay of Rs 11,763 millions. APMIP providing 50 per cent subsidy in the initial
years of the project has now increased to 90 per cent subject to a ceiling of Rs.
50,000 per family for drip and sprinkler systems uniformly in all districts.
In Krishna district, the area covered from 3-11-2003 to 31-03-2009 under
micro irrigation is 12,879 ha which include 7346 member of beneficiaries. Total drip
irrigated area under mango cultivation in Krishna district was 3,976 hectares from
2003 to 2009-10 and the total number of beneficiaries was 1803.
The average establishment cost of mango orchard during first year in drip and
surface irrigations was Rs. 46157.73 and Rs. 23124.15 per hectare respectively. The
total costs incurred under drip irrigation in second, third, fourth and fifth years was
Rs.11521.82, Rs. 12979.02, Rs. 13837.42, Rs.15237.45 respectively, while the same
was Rs. 14239.07, Rs.16109.72, Rs.17087.45, Rs. 18599.59 respectively in surface
irrigation.
The total maintenance costs incurred from 6th to 8th year was Rs.19479.78,
Rs. 21094.09, and Rs. 22126.90 in drip irrigation and Rs. 22701.98, Rs. 24210.85
and Rs. 24576.92 in surface irrigation respectively. Similarly from 9th to 12th year, a
total maintenance cost in drip irrigation was Rs. 22946.06, while it was Rs. 26109.46
in surface irrigation. The total maintenance costs from 13th to 16th year in drip
irrigation were Rs. 23048.78 and in surface irrigation was Rs.27341.05. From 17th to
20th year, total maintenance costs incurred was Rs.19481.56 and Rs. 25990.58 in drip
and surface irrigation respectively.
The total cost of cultivation inclusive of direct and indirect costs was
estimated to be Rs. 34090.94 per hectare in drip irrigation and Rs. 37443.37 per
hectare in surface irrigation. The average gross and net income from mango
cultivation under surface irrigation was worked out to be Rs. 60,000 and Rs.
22556.55 per hectare respectively, while the same under drip irrigation was Rs.
84000 and Rs. 49909.77.
Pay back period was found to be 6.02 years in drip irrigation and 8.98 in
surface irrigation farms. All the discounted cash flow measures worked out were
found to be higher on drip irrigated farms vis-a-vis surface irrigated farms. The
capital productivity measures revealed that net present worth of drip and surface
irrigated farms was Rs.52532.48 and Rs.24956.26 and Benefit-Cost ratio was 1.40:1
and 1.04:1 respectively. The Internal Rate of Returns was 19.76 per cent in drip
irrigated farms and 13.65 per cent in surface irrigated farms.
The production function analysis indicated increasing returns to scale in drip
(Σbi = 1.6949) and surface irrigated farms (Σbi = 1.1134) and thus revealed the
scope for re-adjustment and reorganization of resources to increase the resource use
efficiency and obtain higher returns.
Large number of farmers had felt the advantages in drip irrigation like water
saving, labour cost saving for irrigation, improved quality produce, decrease in weed
growth, etc.
Creation of awareness among surface irrigated farmers through concerned
officials by conducting field demonstrations to adopt drip irrigation for increasing the
yield and also demonstration of proper maintenance measures of drip system through
organization of field visits to successful drip irrigated farms may increase the
adaptation of drip system in a larger extent by the farming community.
Description
Keywords
COMPARITIVE, EFFICIENCY, DRIP, IRRIGATIION, SYSTEM, MANGO, CULTIVATION, ECONOMIC, STUDY, KRISHNA, DISTRICT,ANDHRA PRADESH