GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN SCENTED RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2009
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The investigation conducted with fifty rice genotypes comprising both
Basmati and aromatic short grain types revealed significant differences among
the genotypes for the yield, its components and grain quality characteristics.
High estimates of GCV were observed for productive tillers per plant, filled
grains per panicle whereas, the estimates for panicle length, days to 50 percent
flowering, kernel breadth and kernel elongation ratio were low. With respect
to the remaining traits the estimates were moderate. The yield components,
viz., productive tillers per plant and filled grains per panicle which exhibited
high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were
under the influence of additive gene action. The remaining traits were mostly
under the influence of non additive gene effects as they recorded low to
moderate estimates of genetic advance. Based on the relative magnitude of D2
values, the genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. Among all the clusters,
cluster IV was the largest one with 12 genotypes, whereas cluster VIII had
only one genotype (Pusa 1121). The cluster VIII was separated by higher
genetic distance from cluster III and II followed by cluster V. Cluster VIII
with only one genotype (Pusa 1121) exhibited highest mean value for kernel
length, kernel length after cooking and 1000- grain weight. Cluster VII
possessed highest mean value for kernel length, L/B ratio and kernel length
after cooking due to inclusion of most promising genotypes like Pusa
Sugandh-3, Sugandhamathi and Basmati- 386 which are known for good
quality traits. Cluster V containing genotypes, viz., Gahansal, Chiitti mutyalu
and Godavari Isukalu exhibited good performance for most of the characters
and characterised by more number of grains per panicle. Based on the inter
cluster distances and other desirable attributes, crossing between Pusa 1121,
JGL 15336, RNR 2465, Badsha bhog, NDR 6242, Gahansal and Chitti
mutyalu is suggested for further improvement. The study on correlations and
path analysis indicated that emphasis should be given for selection of plants
possessing higher number of grains per panicle with increased panicle length
and optimum plant height so as to maintain higher harvest index to develop
high yielding varieties for rainy ( kharif ) season.
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Keywords
GENETIC, DIVERGENCE, CHARACTER, ASSOCIATION, SCENTED, RICE