MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR THEIR SUITABILITY UNDER RABI ENVIRONMENT OF KONKAN
Loading...
![Thumbnail Image](assets/images/Item.jpg)
Date
2024-02-26
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli
Abstract
The present investigation entitled, “Morpho-physiological and
biochemical characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for their
suitability under rabi environment of Konkan” was carried at Regional
Agricultural Research Station, Karjat, Dist–Raigad (MH) during kharif -
2020,kharif-2021, rabi-20-21and rabi-21-22. The experiment was laid out
with early duration rice germplasms in Split Plot Design with three
replications to study morphological, physiological, biochemical
characterization, thermo and photo sensitivity response of 40 early
duration rice genotypes under kharif and different sowing windows during
rabi season in Konkan and also to assess correlation of weather
parameters with grain yield and to find out physiologically efficient, high
yielding and stable genotypes for rabi season
The results revealed that Hira and OR-1516-1-5-A showed the
shortest days to maturity, while Ratnagiri-6 and Ratnagiri-1 required the
longest time. Sowing in the 50th meteorological week with Ratnagiri-5
resulted in a longer maturity period, whereas kharif sowing with Hira
resulted in a shorter duration. Ratnagiri-5 and Ratnagiri-1 required the
most extended time to mature
Karjat-3 had a higher average growth rate, Sahyadri-2 displayed a
higher relative growth rate, and Phondaghat-1 demonstrated a higher net
assimilation rate. Sowing in the 48th meteorological week with Hira
resulted in a higher average growth rate, sowing in the 52th meteorological
week with Ratnagiri-7 led to a higher relative growth rate, and sowing in
the 50th meteorological week with Karjat-1 yielded a higher net assimilation
rate
Ratnagiri-711 recorded the highest growing degree days. Ratnagiri-
711 recorded significantly maximum growing degree days (1471.3° days)at
first flowering stage which was at par with genotype Sahyadri-2, Sahyadri-
4 and Ambepandhari over rest genotypes. Karjat-4 recorded significantly
maximum phenothermal index (18.192) from sowing to 50% flowering stage
which was at par with Karjat-1 superior over the other genotype. IRRI-21
recorded the highest heliothermal units, and Karjat-4 recorded the highest
photothermal units. Sahyadri-2 exhibited the highest rate of
photosynthesis, followed by Sahyadri-4. At harvesting stage, the rice
genotype Sahyadri-2 recorded significantly higher rate of photosynthesis
(19.25 μmolco2/m2/sec) which was at par with Sahyadri-4(18.35
umolco2/m2/sec) and Ratnagiri-73 (18.32 μmolco2/m2/sec) over others.
Sowing in the 50th meteorological week with Sahyadri-2 showed the highest
photosynthetic rate. Ratnagiri-1 had the highest rate of transpiration, while
Karjat-1 had the lowest. Sowing in the 52nd meteorological week with
Karjat-7 resulted in a lower rate of transpiration. OR-1516-1-5-A exhibited
higher stomatal conductance
Sahyadri-4 had the highest number of tillers, followed by Sahyadri-2,
IRRI-21, and Mhadi. Sowing in the 48th or 50th meteorological week with
Sahyadri-4 resulted in a higher number of tillers. IRRI-34 exhibited the
longest panicle length, followed by Sahyadri-2 and Sahyadri-4. Ratnagiri-6
had the highest number of filled spikelets per panicle, followed by Karjat-3.
Sahyadri-4 had the highest yield per plant, followed by Karjat-3. Sowing in
the 52th meteorological week with Sahyadri-4 resulted in the highest yield,
followed by sowing in the 48th and 50th meteorological weeks.Sahyadri-4
recorded significantly maximum grain yield per plant ﴾24.62 g﴿which was at
par with genotype Karjat-3 (23.93g) over other genotypes. Kharif season
(24th MW) with Sahyadri-4 recorded significantly higher grain yield per
plant (22.86 g) which was superior over other treatment combinations
during pooled mean. The weather parameters maximum temperature and
sunshine hours showed significantly positive and minimum temperature
humidity and wind velocity showed significantly negative correlation with
yield of rice genotype viz; Karjat-3, Karjat-7, Sahyadri-2, Sahyadri-4,
Ratnagiri-5, Ratnagiri-7, Ratnagiri-24, IRRI-25, Sorati and Mhadi. Karjat-3
and Karjat-7 was found stable for yield in all environment whereas Sorati,
Mhadi and China was found stable under favourable environment and
Sahyadri-2 and Sahyadri-4 was found stable under unfavourable
environment.