EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HIP DYSPLASIA AND ITS SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY JUVENILE PUBIC SYMPHYSIODESIS IN PUPPIES
Loading...
Date
2022-11-24
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCS, POOKODE, WAYANAD, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Incidence of hip dysplasia in puppies less than five months of age presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, CV & AS, Pookode and the efficacy of juvenile pubic symphysiodesis in comparison with routine medical
management in arresting the progression of this condition into osteoarthritis was evaluated in this study. One hundred and eighteen puppies presented with hindlimb lameness were screened for hip dysplasia irrespective of gender and breed. Screening was done by visual, physical, orthopedic and radiographical evaluation. Visual assessment was done by noting the signs of pain as evidenced by favoring the affected limb during rest, scoring of lameness, visual assessment of gluteal and thigh muscle mass. Physical examination included signs of pain on palpation and manipulation of hip joint, qualitative assessment of gluteal and thigh muscle mass by palpation, eliciting Ortolani and Barden’s signs.Radiographical evaluations of hip joint was performed in three radiographic views viz. extended hip ventrodorsal view, compressed and distracted hip ventro-dorsal views. Arthritic changes, Norberg angle, angle of inclination, distraction index and physeal coverage were assessed from the radiographs. Of the 118 puppies screened for CHD, 73 puppies were affected. Highest incidence was observed in Labrador retrievers followed by Rottweilers and German
shepherds. Twelve puppies which had mild to moderate hip dysplasia (distraction index 0.4 – 0.7) were selected for further studies. Selected puppies were randomly allotted into two groups of six each. Group I dogs were subjected to juvenile pubic symphysiodesis and those of group II were subjected to medical management using a combination of analgesics, joint supportive drugs and physiotherapy. Periodic visual, physical and radiographical evaluation were
repeated at 8th, 12th and 18th month of age of all the animals. All the animals that had undergone JPS showed improvement towards treatment. Between group I and group II, the parameters like lameness score, Norberg angle, distraction index and physeal coverage showed satistically significant difference by 18th month of age. Clinical signs like signs of pain, muscle atrophy, Ortolani and Barden’s sign were abolished in group I animals while these indicators showed an increase in group II animals leading those puppies into a miserable life. Arthritic changes were also noticed in animals of group II as early as 12 months of age. Angle of inclination, serum calcium and serum phosphorous values did not show
any significant difference in animals of both groups throughout the study. From the present study it could be inferred that Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis is a simple and effective preventive technique that could be recommended for the management of hip dysplasia in reducing pain and improving hip joint function on a long-term basis which improves the quality of life of dogs when compared to conservative medical management