Biology, population dynamics, crop losses and management of emerging pest, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) in chickpea
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
Field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the biology, population dynamics, crop losses and management of Spodoptera exigua in chickpea during Rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23 at PAU, Ludhiana. Eggs of S. exigua were laid in masses covered with scales. The larval and pupal period lasted for 16.79 and 9.37 days on chickpea, whereas on mungbean it was 14.69 and 8.46 days, respectively. The best developmental and reproduction values were recorded on mungbean as compared to chickpea. In population dynamics, early, normal, and late sown chickpea, mean number of larvae ranged from 0.00 to 15.10, 0.00 to 13.20, and 0.40 to 11.60, respectively. As the sowing dates delayed, number of egg masses, larval number and foliar damage by S. exigua decreased. In estimation of crop losses, there was no foliar damage where the crop was protected by nylon mesh cages. Protected treatment had significantly lowest mean foliar and pod damage than unprotected treatment. In insect density method, lowest mean seed yield was recorded in treatment with highest larval infestation of seven larvae per meter row (1079 kg ha-1) as compared to control (1623 kg ha-1). In cultural and mechanical control of S. exigua, highest mean yield (1628kg ha-1) was recorded in treatment consisting of hand collection and destruction of egg masses and young larvae of S. exigua followed by where 2 rows of linseed were sown as intercrop after 10 rows of chickpea (1527 kg ha-1). Among different biopesticides/biorationals tested against S. exigua in chickpea, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 125 ml ha-1 was found most effective over all other treatments. S. exigua is emerging as a serious pest of chickpea under Punjab conditions which can be managed by using cultural, mechanical and chemical methods.
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Sidhu, Kawartej Singh (2023). Biology, population dynamics, crop losses and management of emerging pest, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) in chickpea (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.