BIOMANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne incognita IN CORIANDER
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Date
2022
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Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important annual herbaceous plant
(2n=22), which belongs to the family Apiaceae and generally grown in winter season
as the main crop in India (Singh and Verma, 2015). Coriander can be successfully
grown, although there are significant obstacles posed by pests and pathogens.
Coriander yield losses from these Meloidogyne spp. are expected to be 60% under
protected cultivation (Reddy, 2008).
In order to reduce the losses brought on by the root knot nematode, an effort was
made to undertake a pot culture experiment in the net house of the AICRP Vegetables
Department of Nematology, PG College of Agriculture, RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar to
evaluate the environmentally friendly management of root knot nematode, through
organic amendments such as Neem cake, Mustard cake, Castor cake, and Pongamia
cake along with the biocontrol capacity of Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas
fluorescens, Paecilomyces lilacinus & Pochonia chlamydosporia on growth of
Coriander variety Rajendra Swathi and multiplication of Meloidogyne incognita. The
experiment was conducted using a Completely randomized design with 12 treatments
and three replications. The highest growth of coriander was seen under T1 (soil
application of Neem cake @ 10 g/pot at 7 days before seed sowing), with the least
amount of root knot nematode multiplication. However, alternate treatments
consisting of a single application of organic amendment and a combined application
were just as successful in notably improving plant growth and lowering nematode
infection. In comparison to the untreated check, the treatment with Neem cake @ 10
g/pot resulted in 100% increase in plant height, 97.16% increase in root length, 105%
increase in fresh root weight, 92% increase in fresh shoot weight, and 75% increase in
yield. In comparison to the untreated check, host infection was reduced by 104
percent, 58 percent, and 65 percent in terms of no of galls, egg masses, nematode
population in soil, and root. The bio-control agents viz Trichoderma viride,
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Paecilomyces lilacinus & Pochonia chlamydosporia either
singly or in combined application shown significant improvement in plant growth and
development and in declining nematode population. The T3 (Pseudomonas
fluorescens @ 10 g/pot) was determined to be the most efficacious. However,
chemically treated plants with carbofuran 3G @ 5g/pot had the lowest nematode
population, number of galls/plant and Reproduction factor (Rf). In comparison to the
untreated check, the treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/pot resulted in
84% increase in plant height, 94% increase in root length, 109% increase in fresh root
weight, 106% increase in fresh shoot weight, and 66% increase in yield. In
comparison to the untreated check, host infection was reduced by 72 percent, 56
percent, and 60 percent in terms of no of galls, egg masses, nematode population in
soil, and root. The results of this investigation showed that using bio-control agents
and organic amendments was more efficient at lowering the population of M.
incognita. The study found that the effects of organic amendments and biocontrol
agents were equivalent to those of carbofuran 3G. Therefore, bio agents other than
nematicides can be applied.