STUDIES ON EFFECT OF GROWTH SUBSTANCES ON BREAKING DORMANCY IN GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus hybridus L.) CV. AMERICAN BEAUTY
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Date
2020
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bagalkot).
Abstract
The investigation entitled “Studies on effect of growth substances on breaking
dormancy in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) cv. American Beauty” was carried out
during 2019-2020 in the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of
Horticulture, Bagalkote. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with three replications and eight treatments viz. control, water soaking,
KNO3 at 1 %, GA3 at 200 ppm, thiourea at 2 %, BA at 100 ppm, ethrel at 250 ppm and
beejamrutha and corms soaked in respective treatments for 24 hours before planting.
Among all the treatments, corms treated with ethrel at 250 ppm recorded earliest
sprouting (26.33 days) and benzyl adenine at 100 ppm recorded highest number of bud
sprouts per corm (2.25). Maximum sprouting percentage (93.67 %), plant height (62.87 cm)
and number of leaves per plant (8.70) was recorded in GA3 at 200 ppm and ethrel at 250
ppm recorded minimum number of days for spike initiation (76.00 days), first floret
opening (90.33 days) and 50% flowering (98.67 days). Maximum spike length (60.53 cm),
rachis length (34.40 cm), spike girth (0.73 cm), spike weight (33.33 g), diameter of florets
(7.72 cm), number of florets/spike (12.00), duration of flowering (15.80 days), vase life
(5.60 days), corm diameter (4.41 cm), corms weight per plant (78.89 g) and cormels weight
per plant (8.90 g) were recorded in treatment GA3 at 200 ppm. The maximum number of
spike/plant (2.13), spike/ha (2.97 lakh spikes), corms/plant (2.87), corms/ha (3.13 lakh/ha),
cormels/ plant (17.07) and cormels/ha (19.74 lakh/ha) were recorded in GA3 at 200 ppm.
Further, biochemical studies revealed that the corms treated with growth substances
showed positive changes on biochemical attributes compared to control during release of
dormancy. Maximum concentration of total soluble sugar (7.87 mg/g), reducing sugar (1.00
mg/g), non-reducing sugar (6.86 mg/g) and -amylase activity (35.80 µg starch hydrolysed
/ml/min) and minimum concentration of total phenols (93.37 µg/g) and starch (17.63 mg/g)
was recorded in corms treated with ethrel at 250 ppm. Among all the treatments, earliest
sprouting of corms was recorded in ethrel at 250 ppm whereas, highest quality and yield of
spike and corms achieved in treatment GA3 at 200 ppm.