ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY IN GREEN CHILLI GENOTYPES (Capsicum annuum L.) FOR YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS
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Date
2021
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bagalkot).
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out with thirty eight chilli genotypes collected
from different regions of Karnataka and evaluated in randomized complete block design to
study the variability, diversity, character association, path analysis and molecular diversity at
Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, COH, University of Horticultural
Sciences Bagalkot during Kharif 2019-20.
Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among ecotypes for all characters
studied. High PCV, GCV, heritability and high genetic advance over mean were observed for
plant height, number of fruits per plant, number of primary branches, number of secondary
branches, fruit length, fruit diameter, test weight, capsaicin content, fruit color and green fruit
yield. Yield per plant had positive significant association with number of fruits per plant (0.539)
and fruit color (0.244). Highest positive direct effects on green fruit yield per plant was
exhibited by plant height (3.838), number of fruits per plant (0.575), test weight (0.497), days to
first flowering (0.337), fruit color (0.103) and primary branches (0.003).
Based on Mahalanobis D2 analysis thirty eight genotypes were grouped into eight
clusters of which four genotypes of cluster VI (14.39) showed maximum intra-cluster distance.
The inter cluster average D2
value was maximum between cluster V and VIII (23.54). Maximum
divergence was observed between these clusters. Hence, the crosses between accessions of these
clusters may be tried for improvement of yield.
Molecular characterization was also carried out using 20 SSR markers grouped all
genotypes into three major clusters with an average value of 0.421, the PIC value varied from
0.050 to 0.720. The highest PIC values were reported for the marker CAMS647 (0.720) and
lowest PIC value were reported in marker AVRDCPP239 (0.050).
The genotypes GPM-33, AH, PS, BD, ST-11 was found superior for both growth,
quality and yield parameters. Which can be further studied for better improvement in chilli.