AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SERICULTURE IN NORTH EAST INDIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ASSAM
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Date
2018
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AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the share of various North Eastern states in area and production of sericulture, district-wise share, growth and instability in area and production of sericulture in Assam using secondary data relating to area and production of cocoon and raw silk of eri, muga and mulberry for the period from 2001-02 to 2015-16. Compound growth rate, instability index and simple percentage analysis were carried out for obtaining results according to the objectives. The share of North East India in India‟s total area under mulberry and total raw silk production was increased significantly during the study period. Assam and Manipur were the leading states contributing to the increase in area under mulberry and raw silk production of NE India. Change in cocoon production of eri, muga and mulberry for the state of Assam was mainly contributed by yield compared to area under the three types of silk. Similar trend was also observed for the districts with few exceptions. The growth rates of area under eri (1.96%) and muga (1.64%) were positive but negative for mulberry (-0.43%) silk for the state as whole. In most of the districts of Assam, growth rates were positive and significant for area under eri and muga. However, negative growth of area under mulberry was observed for most of the districts of Assam. Although positive growth rates were observed in cocoon production of eri (17.77%), muga (3.06%) and mulberry (10.03%) at state level, the growth was found to be low for muga cocoon production. Growth in cocoon production of eri, muga and mulberry was also positive for most of the districts with few exceptions. Growth in raw silk production was higher in eri (14.77%) but low in muga (2.59%) and mulberry (7.81%) in the state. In majority of the districts growth was positive except for few districts. Co-efficient of Variation (CV) and Instability Index (IX) of area under eri, muga and mulberry in Assam and the districts showed that instability in area was lower for eri and muga silk but higher for mulberry silk at the state level. In majority of the district instability in area under eri, muga and mulberry was higher. Instability in cocoon production of eri and muga in the state was low but high for mulberry silk. Like cocoon production, instability in raw silk production of eri and muga was found to be low but high for mulberry in Assam. Classification of the state and its constituent districts on the basis of growth and instability revealed two most dominant categories covering the state and the districts for area, cocoon production and raw silk production such as high growth-high instability (HGHI) and low growth–high instability (LGHI). Few of the
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districts were also found to fall under negative growth-low instability (NGLI) and negative growth-high instability (NGHI) categories. Thus, area expansion, adoption of modern technology, creation of market etc need to be under taken to bring the districts falling under other less favourable categories to the most favourable category i.e. high growth-low instability (HGLI) category.