Management of major insects pests of cabbage
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Date
2022-10-19
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The investigations on “management of major insect-pests of cabbage” were carried out to study the seasonal incidence of major pests and their correlation with weather parameter, screen the cabbage varieties/genotypes against insect pests of cabbage, bioefficacy of some insecticide combinations against major pests of cabbage and study persistence toxicity of different insecticides against major insect pests of cabbage viz., aphids and diamondback moth. Monitoring of insecticide resistance in cabbage aphids at Department of Agricultural Entomology, VasantraoNaikMarathwadaKrishiVidyapeeth, Parbhani during Kharif 2019-20 and 2020-21. To study seasonal incidence, seedligs were transplanted in 100 m2 area and weekly observations were conducted. To study screenthe cabbage varieties/genotypesagainst insect pests, the experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. To study the evaluation insecticide combinations against insect pests, the experiment was laid out in randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. Bioassay was carried out to study the residual toxicity of insecticide and monitor insecticide resistance against cabbage aphids.
The results revealed that the seasonal incidence of sucking pests, the population of aphid ranged from 1.40 to 69.33 aphids/leaf per week during 2019-20; while it was 2.00 to 101.00 aphids/ leaf per week during 2020-21.The population of diamondback moth varied from 0.60 to 6.0/plant and 0.55 to 5.8/plant during 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively. It was found that the larval population of leaf webber ranged from 0.20 to 3.80/plant during 2019-20, and 0.35 to 3.80/plant during 2020-21. The larval population of tobacco leaf eating caterpillar ranged from 0.01 to 0.90/plant and 0.15 to 1.20/plant during 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively. The population of green semilooper was ranged from 0.05 to 0.60/plant during 2019-20 and 0.05 to 0.40/plant during 2020-21. The larval population of tussock moth ranged from 0.05 to 0.90/plant and 0.01 to 0.85/plant during 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively. The head borer infestation incidence was very less during the both years. It ranged from 0.25 to 0.80 per cent during 2019-20 and 0.30 to 1.2 per cent during 2020-21. The weather parameters such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, morning RH, evening RH, rainfall, bright sun shine, wind speed, evaporation play important role in abundance of above pests.
The natural enemies i.e. syrphid fly and lady beetle were commonly observed in throughout season when there was more incidence of sucking pests.
Screening for cabbage varieties/genotypes under field conditions revealed that three cabbage cultivars i.e. BC-90, S-996 and NBH-GATI 721 are promising cultivars in terms of lesser aphid infestation and relatively more parasitism, besides being the least preferred varieties facilitating lesser settlement and delayed development of aphids. Screening for cabbage varieties under field conditions revealed that cabbage cultivars i.e. BC-90, EURO-2 and BC-79 are promising cultivars in terms of lesser diamondback moth, leaf webber, tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, semilooper and tusscck moth infestation and relatively more parasitism, besides being the least preferred varieties facilitating lesser settlement and delayed development of diamondback moth, leaf webber, tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, semilooper and tusscck moth.
Bioefficacy of insecticide combinations against major insect pests in cabbage indicated that all the insecticides were found to be significantly superior in recording minimum number of insect pest over untreated control. Management of aphid on cabbage with some insecticides was flonicamid 50 % WG, fipronil 5 % SC and clothianidin 50 % WDP proved to be most effective insecticides against aphid on cabbage. These were followed by acetamiprid 20 % SP, thiamethoxam 25 % WG, imidacloprid 17.8 SL and dimethoate 30% EC. For management of lepidopteran insect pests on cabbage such as diamondback moth, leaf webber, tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, semilooper, tussock moth and head borer, the most effective insecticides were chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC, spinosad 2.5% SC, flubendiamide 20 % WG and chlorfenapyr 10 % SC. These were followed by indoxacarb 14.5% SC, novaluron 10 % EC and cypermethrin 25% EC. Insecticides used for control of natural enemies of insect pests of cabbage, flonicamid 50 % WG, clothianidin 50 % WDP and thiamethoxam 25 % WG were safer insecticides for natural enemies of insect pests on cabbage. The most toxic insecticides were fipronil 5 % SC and imidacloprid 17.8 SL.
Study Persistent toxicity of insecticide combinations against aphids on cabbage in terms of PT values the descending order of persistent toxicity was Flonicamid 50% WG >Fipronil 5% SC >Clothianidin 50% WDG >Acetamiprid 20% SP >Thiamethoxam 25% WG >Imidachlopride17.8% SL >Dimethoate 30% EC during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The highest persistent toxicity against diamondback mothon cabbage in terms of PT values the descending order of persistent toxicity was Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC>Spinosad 2.5% SC >Flubendiamide 20% WG >Chlorpenaypyr 10% SC >Indoxacarb 14.5% SC >Novaluron 10% EC >Cypermethrin 25% EC during 2019-20 and 2020-21.
The highest resistance factor was recorded to imidacloprid which may be due to repeated and indiscriminate use of this insecticide.
The highest ICBR was observed in T4 (thiamethoxam 25 % WG followed by flubendiamide 20 % WG) followed by T5 (dimethoate 30% EC followed by spinosad 2.5% SC), T1 (flonicamid 50 % WG followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC), respectively.