Effect of nano urea and chemical fertilizers on physiological parameters, seed yield and oil yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
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Date
2022-11-25
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
A field experiment on “Effect of Nano Urea and Chemical fertilizers on Physiological parameters, Seed yield and Oil yield of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)” was conducted at All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Safflower research farm, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani during the rabi season, 2021-22. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of nano urea and chemical fertilizers on physiological parameters, seed yield and oil yield of safflower.
The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Each replication has three main plots i.e., 100%N (F1), 75% N (F2) and 50% N(F3) and each main plot is divided into five sub plots i.e., no spray of nano urea (N0), nano urea spray at flowering stage (N1), nano urea spray at flowering and seed filling stages (N2), urea spray 2% at flowering stage (N3), urea spray 2% at flowering and seed filling stages (N4).
Among the given treatments, 100% N (F1) application significantly increased the physiological parameters viz. plant height, chlorophyll stability index, relative water content, CGR, RGR, LAI and NAR of safflower. Number of primary branches were found to be higher at F1whereas F2 was found to be at par with F1. The yield attributes viz. number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per plant and 100 seed weight are found significantly higher at F1(100% N) followed by F2 (75% N). Split application of 100% nitrogen at three stages of the crop showed significantly higher seed yield, biological yield, oil yield and nitrogen uptake by the plant at the time of harvest of safflower. However, oil content of safflower was not significantly affected by nitrogen treatments as oil content is a genetic character.
Foliar application of nano urea at flowering and seed filling stages (N2) recorded significantly higher plant height, number of primary branches per plant, chlorophyll stability index, relative water content of safflower. The yield attributes viz. number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per plant and 100 seed weight were also significantly higher with foliar spray nano urea twice at flowering and seed filling stages (N2). The seed yield, biological yield, oil yield and nitrogen uptake by the plant at the time of harvest also showed significantly higher values with N2 treatment. Foliar spray of nano urea and urea 2% at flowering and seed filling stages also recorded similar values showing the positive effect of nano urea and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of safflower.