STUDIES ON TOSPOVIRUS TRANSMITTING THRIPS ON TOMATO AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
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Date
2020-12
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University of Horticultural Sciences Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bagalkot).
Abstract
Study was carried out during 2015-2018 at College of Horticulture, Bagalkot
and Indian Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Survey was
carried out during 2016 to study the thrips species composition and extent of thrips
infestation and Groundnut bud necrosis viral (GBNV) disease incidence on tomato in
major tomato growing districts of Karnataka. The results revealed that, the major thrips
species consisted of Thrips palmi Karny, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, Frankliniella
schultzei Trybom, Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Thrips Spp. Among the four different
species occurring on tomato, T. palmi was more abundant on tomato fields of all eight
localities followed by S. dorsalis, F. schultzei and T. tabaci. Among the different
localities surveyed, the tomato fields at Kolar and Belagavi recorded lowest thrips
infestation and GBNV disease incidence, respectively (0.72 thrips/plant and 22.50 %
disease incidence, respectively) as compared to other fields surveyed. Whereas, the
highest thrips and GBNV disease incidence was recorded from the Bagalkote district
(3.70 thrips/plant and 47.88 % disease incidence, respectively). The vector status of S.
dorsalis was confirmed in the present study as it successfully transmitted GBNV on
cowpea plants. The larvae were capable of acquiring the virus within 24 h AAP. Further
increase in AAP from 24 to 48 h had no considerable effect on transmission efficiency.
It was clear from the experiment that, the 24 h IAP was not enough to transmit
sufficient virus to induce GBNV symptoms. The maximum transmission efficiency of
35 per cent was observed when thrips were allowed for 48 h IAP as compared to 72 h
IAP. Among the different modules tested, Integrated pest management module
consisting of sowing of 2 rows of maize at 15 days before transplantation, seedling dip
with imidacloprid 200SL @ 0.50 ml/l for 10 minutes at the time of transplantation,
installation of blue sticky traps @ 8 traps/Ac at 2 WAT followed by foliar spray of
azadirachtin 10,000 ppm @ 1.00 ml/l at 4 WAT, thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.20 g/l at 6
WAT, diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 1.25 g/l at 8 WAT and Lecanicillium lecanii (2×108
cfu/g) @ 2 g/l at 10 WAT emerged as superior in both Summer and Kharif seasons by
registering higher efficacy, yield and B:C ratios.