ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF RETICULUM IN BUFFALOES AFFECTED WITH THORACO-ABDOMINAL DISORDERS
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Date
2021-03
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate reticulum ultrasonographically in healthy
buffaloes and buffaloes affected with thoraco-abdominal disorders along with clinical,
haematobiochemical, rumen liquor and radiographic examination presented to Department
of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College, Bidar. 32 clinical cases were divided
into three groups viz., group I (13 healthy buffaloes), group II (13 ruminal indigestion
affected buffaloes) and group III (6 FBS affected buffaloes). On clinical examination,
rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate varied non-significantly in group II and III
whereas ruminal contractions drastically reduced in group II and III. Haematobiochemical
examination revealed significant increased TLC, neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes
in group III whereas significant decreased total protein in group II. Significant increased
AST in group II and III along with significant decreased calcium and phosphorous in group
II and III. Rumen liquor examination revealed increased pH whereas decreased microflora
and motility in group II and III. Radiographic examination revealed presence of nonpotential
foreign bodies in group II and potential foreign bodies in group III.
Ultrasonographic findings of reticulum in group II were similar to group I except reticular
motility which was drastically reduced when compared to group I. In group III, the
appearance of reticulum wall on right side examination revealed irregular shape with
uneven contour whereas on left side examination revealed crescent and half moon shape
with smooth contour. Reticular motility was drastically reduced in group III when
compared to group I buffaloes. Distance between abdominal wall and reticulum on right
side examination was significantly increased in group III with no much changes on left
side examination. Post therapeutic ultrasonography of reticulum was carried out along with
exploratory rumenotomy, ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration and post mortem
examination to confirm ultrasonographic and radiographic findings. With respect to
diagnosis of reticular abnormalities ultrasonography stands first followed by radiography,
rumen liquor examination, haematobiochemical examination and clinical signs in
buffaloes. Early detection of potential foreign bodies in reticulum and its removal by
laparo-rumenotomy is possible when both ultrasonography and radiography are used as
complementary imaging modalities.