EVALUATION OF RUMEN FERMENTATION PATTERN AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN MURRAH BUFFALO, VECHUR AND CROSSBRED CATTLE ON DIFFERENT FEEDING REGIMEN
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Date
2018-12-30
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the rumen fermentation pattern and nutrient
utilization in Murrah buffaloes, Vechur and Crossbred cows fed different total mixed
rations (TMR). Six each of Murrah buffalo, Vechur and crossbred calves were
selected as uniformly as possible with regard to age (8-12 months), sex and body
weight from Vechur farm, University Livestock Farm and Fodder Research and
Development Scheme, Mannuthy and formed three treatment groups. In phase-I all
the animals were fed with standard farm ration as TMR for a period of one month and
rumen fermentation profile, nutrient digestibility, hematological profile and microbial
protein production was studied. Thirty TMRs were prepared using unconventional
feed ingredients available locally and green grass in 50:50 and in vitro evaluation of
30 TMRs in all three species was conducted using in vitro gas production technique
(IVGPT). Ranking of the TMR’s was done using cluster analysis and two best TMR
for each species were selected. Using the two TMR selected, two feeding trials of one
month duration was conducted for all three species. The results revealed that rumen fermentation parameters such as rumen
ammonia nitrogen, TCA nitrogen and total nitrogen were non significant between the
groups. Crossbred cows fed with TMR containing dhanwantharam thailam residue
(trial-I) showed significant increase in dry matter intake (per 100 kg and per unit
metabolic body weight) than TMR containing rape seed cake (trial-II).
Haematological and biochemical parameters falls in the physiological range for both
groups. Apparent digestibility co-efficient for TMR containing dhanwantharam
thailam residue showed significant improvement for ether extract digestibility while
crude fiber digestibility was more in Trial-II. On volatile fatty acid analysis it showed
increased concentration for acetic acid in trial-I while propionic acid production was
improved in trial-II. In Murrah buffaloes, group fed with TMRs containing turmeric waste (trial-I)
and tapioca starch waste (trial-II) did not show any significant difference for rumen
fermentation parameters. Animals fed with TMR-I containing turmeric waste showed
significantly improved digestibility for crude protein, organic matter and nitrogen
free extract than animals fed TMR-2 containing tapioca starch waste. Volatile fatty
acid profile showed increased concentration of acetic acid and acetate: propionate
ratio in TMR-2. In Vechur cows animals fed with TMR containing soya sauce waste (trial-I)
showed a significantly increased total nitrogen content than animals fed with tapioca
starch waste in trial-II and control. All haematological parameters were not
significant among animals of different groups and well within the normal range. In
Vechur cows on volatile fatty acid analysis TMR-I fed animals showed improved
acetic acid and total volatile fatty acid production than TMR-II and control. DMI/100
kg bodyweight and DMI/kg metabolic body weight were also significantly improved
in Trail-I than as compared to animals fed with tapioca starch waste in trial-II. On thorough examination of results, it can be concluded that crossbred cows
fed with TMR containing dhanwantharam thailam residues showed improved nutrient
digestibility than animals fed with TMR containing rape seed cake without any
difference in rumen fermentation parameters and hence can be recommended. In
Murrah buffaloes, the group fed with TMR containing turmeric waste showed better
performance and hence can be recommended. In Vechur cows the TMR containing
soya sauce waste fed animal showed better nutrient digestibility and dry matter intake
and hence recommended.
Description
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy RUMEN FERMENTATION , NUTRIENT UTILIZATION, NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN MURRAH BUFFALO, VECHUR, CROSSBRED CATTLE, VECHUR AND CROSSBRED CATTLE ON DIFFERENT FEEDING
REGIMEN , FEEDING
REGIMEN, Feeding regimens in livestock feeding , Effect of TMR feeding on rumen fermentation
profile in livestock , Rumen ammonia nitrogen, Volatile fatty acids , Effect of feeding TMR on blood metabolites, Dry matter intake , Nutrient digestibility, Purine derivatives in urine and microbial nitrogen
supply, In vitro evaluation of TMRs , Digestion trial, VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES