“Cultural and Metagenomic Based Identification of Microbiome of Bovine Mastitic Milk.”
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Date
2022-01-24
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
Mastitis is an economically important disease of livestock sector, affecting many milking animals, including Bovines. This study was designed to ascertain the microbial diversity of udder of healthy and diseased cows using both culture-dependent as well as culture-independent techniques. In this study, a total of four bacterial species (92 isolates) were isolated from 50 mastitic milk samples. Out of these 92 isolates, Staphylococcus aureus (32 isolates) was the predominant bacteria isolated (34.78%) and was found positive for nuc gene. Staphylococcus epidermidis consisted of eight (8.69%) isolates, E.coli 26 isolates (28.26%). All E.coli isolates were found positive for eco gene. Nine (9.78%) isolates were identified as Bacillus spp. and four (4.34%) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. In case of healthy milk samples 13 isolates were obtained out of which, two species of bacteria were isolated in a vast majority which included 10 isolates of Non-aureus Staphyloccoci (76.92%) and three isolates (23.07%) of Micrococcus species. The metagenomic results obtained revealed that in case of mastitic milk 10 phyla, 11 classes, 27 order, 54 families, 38 genera, 18 species of bacteria were detected while as in case of of healthy milk samples 12 phyla, 19 classes, 22 order, 57 families, 37 genera and 21 species of bacteria were most abundant. The most predominant species found in mastitic milk were Lactococcus and Streptococcus while as Pseudomonas fragi and Staphylococcus aureus were the least prevalent bacteria found in mastitic milk samples in case of healthy milk samples, the predominant bacterial species found were Aeromonas, Agrobacterium, Acitenobacter iwoffi, Propionibacterium acnes. Streptococcus and Acinetobacter johnsonii were the least prevalent bacteria found in healthy milk samples. This study concluded that apart from significant mastitic bacteria, certain non-specific bacteria also cause mastitis thus proving it difficult to be cured by routine treatment methodology.