DIVERSITY STUDIES OF JAMUN (Syzygium cumini Skeels) GENOTYPES
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Date
2019-08
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bengaluru).
Abstract
Jamun is an important minor fruit crop of tropical and subtropical countries and widely distributed throughout India. It is a versatile tree for both food and medicinal values. Totally, fifty jamun genotypes for morphological and twenty-one genotypes for flower, fruit, seed and bio-chemical characters were studied during 2017-18 atDivision of Fruit Crops ICAR-IIHR, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru. A significant differenceswere observed in morphological and physico-chemical characteristics among the various genotypes of jamun. The genotype Dharwad market -2 showed highest plant height (618.3 cm), Highest canopy spread recorded in North-South direction (513.33 cm), lowest was recorded in the genotype Khanapur-32. Cluster analysis revealed that genotypes in the cluster IV were more vigorous and cluster V were least vigorous. The genotype IC-715 showed the highest length (11.95 cm) and breadth (11.25 cm) of inflorescence and Dharwad-3 (3.83 cm and 3 cm) showed lowest values. Among the fruit and seed characters the genotype Konkan Bahadoli showed highest length, breadth and weight. Among bio-chemical parameters the lowest anthocyanin content (48.38 mg/100g) was recorded in Selection-58, whereas the highest anthocyanin content (144.77 mg/100g) was in Madhya Pradesh-2. The lowest TSS (14.5°Brix) was recorded in Patna and the highest TSS content (28.2°Brix) in Dharwad-3a. The lowest phenol content (479.87 mg/100g) was recorded in Dhoopdal, whereas the highest phenols content (1856.65 mg/100g) in Kaithanal. The lowest titratable acidity (0.82 %) was recorded in Selection-58, whereas the highest acidity content (3.52 %) in Dharwad-12. Cluster analysis of genotypes based on fruit characters showed cluster I had highest values for all the parameters studied compare to cluster II and III. Shelf life studies among eight jamun genotypes, showed the genotypes Dhoopdal, Selection-45 and Savadatti had better shelf life. The crossability study between rose apple and jamun resulted five percentage fruit set.