STUDIES ON PEST COMPLEX IN JAMUN (Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels) VARIETIES
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Date
2019-08
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. (College of Horticulture, Bengaluru).
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Investigations carried out at Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, UHS campus, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2018-19 to document the pest spectrum infesting Jamun, seasonality and impact of fruit and seed borer complex on Jamun fruit quantitative and qualitative parameters. Studies revealed 26 insect pest species on various above ground parts.Higher Simphson’s Diversity Index (SDI) (0.943) recorded during December I fortnight (2018) and was minimum (0.484) duringJun II fortnight (2019). Higher SDI (0.843)was recorded on Bahadoli and was minimum (0.599) on Seedless variety. Blotch leaf miner, scales, ash weevil, leaf webber (Dudua sp.), midrib miner and bruchid were very active on all the varieties while, leaf gall insect was recorded only in seedless variety.Seed wasp, Anselmella kerrichi could be recorded on GKVK-1 variety which had produced offseason fruits early in the season.Pearson’s correlation coefficients with macro weather parameters were highly significant with ash weevil (Myllocerus sp.), leaf webber damages and seed weevil (Curculio c-album) populations. Fruit damage during 2018 based on 100 g sample per tree per picking revealed that there was 100 percent yield damage and was in grade 4 (unmarketable) in Mysuru, Bahadoli, GKVK-2 and Dhupdal varieties. Least proportion of unmarketable fruits recorded with K-45 variety. Proportion of grade 4 fruits based on 40 g sample per tree per picking during 2019 ranged from 3.14 (Bahadoli) to 17.38 percent (No. 58). Proportion of healthy fruits (grade 1) ranged from 17.38 (No. 58) to 34.81 percent (Dhupdal).Quality parameters between healthy and infected fruits with respect to size, volume, TSS, Titrable acidity, pulp weight, seed weight, pulp to seed ratio showed significant difference. Significantly large size, volume, higher titrable acidity, pulp weight, seed weight, pulp to seed ratio were observed in healthy fruits while, highest TSS observed in fruit and seed borer infected fruits.