Genetic and biochemical analysis of bitterness in citrus
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Citrus is the economically important fruit crop belongs to the family Rutaceae. Citrus fruit have
abundance of health promoting substances which has various antimicrobial, antiseptic and
anticancerous properties. The consumer’s acceptability of citrus juice gets lowered due to the
problem of delayed bitterness. Previously identified LGT gene responsible for delayed
bitterness was confirmed in the citrus germplasm which was present in all the studied citrus
germplasm. The expression of this gene is highest during late fruit development stage and seeds
exhibit the highest expression as compared to peel. Among three tissues studied, the highest
gene expression was observed in the peel of grapefruit during late fruit development stage.
Among studied genotypes, seeds of pummelo had the highest gene expression during late fruit
development stage. The expression of this gene increases from early to late fruit developmental
stage irrespective of the three tissues studied. The major delayed bitterness causing components
are limonoids which occurs in glucoside and aglycone forms were estimated. Among all the
commercial recommended scions, Pummelo had highest limonin aglycone content and
glucoside content in leaves, peel and seeds. The flavonoid content was also highest in pummelo
in all three tissues studied. The effect of citrus rootstocks on morphological, vegetative,
physico-chemical, physiological traits and leaf nutrient status in three mandarins (Kinnow,
Daisy and W. Murcott) was studied. The total phenolics, antioxidants, vitamin C content
increased from early to late fruit development stage. The fruit and vegetative characters also
followed the similar trend from early to late fruit development stage. The physiological
characters decreased from early to late fruit development stage in all three mandarins
irrespective of the rootstock. Leaf nutrients status of three mandarins show variability on
different rootstocks studied.
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Citation
Priyanka (2020). Genetic and biochemical analysis of bitterness in citrus (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.