CHARACTERIZATION OF MALE STERILE SYSTEMS IN MARIGOLD (Tagetes sp.)
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Date
2016-06
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, GKVK POST, BANGALURU)
Abstract
The present research was taken up to characterize various male sterile and restorer lines of Marigold (Tagetes sp.). Three different male sterile systems were analysed in the study for their floral morphology and endogenous hormones content. Besides these characters, pollen characterisation along with germination ability was also taken up for the study in case of restorer lines. In vitro pollen germination was carried out in Brewbaker’s media with 15% PEG. Germination percentage in different restorer lines ranged between 25.20% to 33.14% while viability percentage was more than 98% in all the lines studied. Pollen grain size ranged between 2.30 to 3.48 μm. The study on floral morphology indicated that number of days taken from flower bud initiation to anthesis ranged between 17.93 (IIHRMy-4) to 22.73 (IIHRGM7-3) days. Stigma became receptive on the same day of anthesis in all the lines and remained receptive for 3.33 (IIHRMys-3) to 9.40 (IIHRMy-4) days. On an average from anthesis to full bloom, male sterile lines took 10.86 to 16.00 days, while restorer lines took 6.93 to 13.43 days. Study on the endogenous hormone viz. IAA, GA3 and Ethylene and Phenols indicated that the highest concentration of IAA was observed in IIHRMys-4 (68.50 ng/g fw) while the least was observed in sterile IIHRMOS-1 (17.83 ng/g fw). Concentration of GA3 showed a range of 315.50 (Arka Bangara-2) to 491.23 ng/g fw (sterile IIHRMOS-1). The estimation of ethylene showed a range of 11.29 (Arka Agni) to 57.91 (IIHRMys-4) nl/g/m fw; while phenol content ranged between 29.96 (IIHRMY-4) to 47.36 (Arka Bangara-2) mg/g fw. The study indicated male sterile lines having low ethylene content. Among the restorer lines, IIHRMys-4 was found to be the best with maximum pollen.