REGENERATION STUDIES IN VITRO IN SELECTED ORCHID WILD SPECIES
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Date
2016-06
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, GKVK POST, BENGALURU)
Abstract
Karnataka is one of the hot spot for wild and endangered orchid species. Plant tissue culture is being employed in the conservation of endangered species in many crops. An investigation was conducted to study the in vitro regeneration of three medicinally important wild orchids, Cymbedium bicolor, Aerides maculosa and Rhynchostylis retusa, sourced from the forest area in Kodagu district. Four nutrient media, namely full strength Murashige and Skoog (MS), ½ MS, ¼ MS and Lindemann orchid medium in both semi solid and liquid were used for regeneration. Embryos and leaf were used as explants. Initiation of protocorms like bodies (PLBs) was found best on half strength semi solid MS media. PLBs were remarkably best in C. bicolor with 91.9 per cent and it was 29.03 per cent in R. retusa and 22.85 per cent in A. maculosa (¼ MS semi solid) as on 90 days after culture. The leaf explants did not respond for any treatment. In aqueous media, apart from PLBs there was many number of different stages of embryo formations were also observed. This could serve a great deal for studying the stages towards plantlet formation as well as for producing plants on a large scale. PLBs of C. bicolor were cultured on ½ MS media with varying levels of NAA (0.25 to 1.5 mg l-1) for the production of plantlets and enhanced rate of growth and proliferation was found for 1.5 mg/ l of NAA. PLBs did not respond for various levels of Abscisic acid and Glyphosate.